Shitō-ryū
Shitō-Ryū ( Japanese 糸 東流 , dt. "School of Shi and Tō" ) is a style in the Japanese martial art Karatedō , which was founded in 1934 by Mabuni Kenwa in Osaka . He combined in his conception of Karatedo from Okinawa originating styles of Shorin-Ryu and Shorei-Ryu .
origin
Many influences, not only Okinawan but especially Chinese concepts, are brought together in this style. The reason for this is that Mabuni Kenwa had two masters: Higashionna Kanryō and Itosu Yasutsune . Mabuni honored both masters by naming his style after each syllable in the name of his masters. Thus elements of Shōrin-ryū (Itosu) were connected with Shōrei-ryū elements (Higashionna). Special kata that are not trained in the other styles and whose origins lie in the Chinese Baihequan ( Chinese 白鶴 拳 , Pinyin báihèquán , Japanese hakutsuru-ken , German white crane style ) are Hakuchō and Nipaipo .
In 1952 Mabuni Kenwa died, and with that began a division of the Shitō-Ryū. His official successor and heir was Mabuni Ken'ei . His second son Mabuni Kenzo and other masters of Shitō-Ryū founded their own interpretations of the style.
In addition to Shōtōkan , Wadō-ryū and Gōjū-ryū , Shitō-ryū is now regarded as one of the four main directions of karated ō.
A specialty of this style is the high number of taught kata. Accordingly, the focus of teaching, in many Shitō-Ryū Dōjōs , is on the perfection of the numerous forms.
Surname
The name Shitō- Ryū is, as already mentioned, a combination of the first syllables of the family names of the two teachers Kenwa Mabunis:
- Itosu Yasutsunes ( 糸 洲 安 恒 ) first syllable, 糸 , translates as thread and is pronounced shi according to Japanese reading ( Kun reading ) ito in Sino-Japanese reading ( On reading ) .
- Higashionna Kanryōs ( 東 恩納 寛 量 ) name begins with the character 東 , which stands for east and has the on reading tō next to the Kun reading higashi .
Kata
| Heian Shodan ( 平安 初段 ) | Bassai Shō ( 抜 塞 小 ) | Gojūshiho ( 五十 四 歩 ) | Hakuchō ( 白鳥 ) |
| Heian Nidan ( 平安 二段 ) | Matsumura no Bassai () | Chintō () | Nipaipo () |
| Heian Sandan ( 平安 三 段 ) | Tomari no Bassai () | Kururunfā ( 久留 頓 破 ) | Papers () |
| Heian Yondan ( 平安 四段 ) | Jion ( 慈恩 ) | Saifā ( 碎 破 ) | Aoyagi ( 青 柳 ) |
| Heian Godan ( 平安 五 段 ) | Jiin ( 慈 蔭 ) | Sanchin ( 三 戰 ) | Juroku () |
| Naifanchin Shodan ( 内 畔 戦 初段 ) | Jitte ( 十 手 ) | Tenshō ( 転 掌 ) | Miyojo () |
| Naifanchin Nidan ( 内 畔 戦 二段 ) | Wanshu () | Sansēru ( 三 十六 ) | Shinpa () |
| Naifanchin Sandan ( 内 畔 戦 三 段 ) | Tomari no Wanshu () | Sēpai ( 十八 手 ) | Matsukaze () |
| Rohai Shodan ( 鷺 牌 初段 ) | Kūsankū () | Beechin ( 制 引 戰 ) | Shinsei () |
| Rohai Nidan ( 鷺 牌 二段 ) | Kōsōkun Dai () | Seisan ( 十三 手 ) | Shinsei ni () |
| Rohai Sandan ( 鷺 牌 三 段 ) | Kōsōkun Shō () | Matsumura no Sanchin () | Niseishi () |
| Matsumura no Rohai () | Shiho Kosokun () | Shisochin ( 四向戰 ) | Sōchin ( 壮 鎮 ) |
| Bassai Dai ( 抜 塞 大 ) | Chinte ( 珍 手 ) | Sūpārinpei ( 壱 百零八 手 ) | Unshu ( 雲 手 ) |
| Pachu | Ānan |
literature
- Kenei Mabuni : Empty Hand - On the essence of Budo Karate . Palisander Verlag, 1st edition 2007, ISBN 978-3-938305-05-8
- Roland Habersetzer : 39 karate kata. From Wadō-ryū , Gōjū-ryū and Shitō-ryū . Palisander Verlag, 1st edition 2010, ISBN 978-3-938305-15-7 . Contains the description of 10 kata of Shitō-ryū.