Wadō-ryū

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Wadō-ryū ( Japanese 和 道 流 ) is a style of karate . The meaning of Wadō is to be equated with the way of peace , Ryū means something like school . The used Kanji Wa ( Jap. 和 ) is also a kanji for Japan , thus by the influence of Japanese Jiu Jitsu of the Wado-Ryu Japanese way meant as opposed to from Okinawa originating other karate styles.

development

Prof. Hironori Ōtsuka (8th Dan in Shindo Yoshinryu Jiu Jitsu; 10th Dan in Wadō-Ryū Karate), founder of Wadō-Ryū and student of Gichin Funakoshi , combined the karate taught by Funakoshi with techniques of Shindō Yōshin-ryū .

Development in Japan

On April 1, 1939, the style of Dai Nippon Budoku Kai was officially registered as a karate style. The Japan Karatedō Federation (JKF) took on Wadō-Ryū as a style in May 1964, and the trade association for Wadō-Ryū was renamed JKF Wadokai . Ōtsuka Hironori appointed his son Ōtsuka Jirō in 1981 as his successor, who left the JKF Wadokai and founded the Wadō-ryū Renmei , which was imminent until his death.

Development in Europe

In 1963, the Japanese karateka Suzuki Tatsuo , Arakawa Tōru and Takashima Hajime demonstrated Wadō-Ryū karate for the first time on a two-month trip through Europe and America. The following year, Suzuki Tatsuo and his assistant Shiomitsu Mifume settled in England to teach Wadō-ryū. Both separated in the late 1980s and founded their own Wadō organizations, the International Karate-Do Federation (WIKF) and the Wadō-Ryū Karate-Do Academy .

Suzuki Tatsuo brought more karateka to Europe and supported their use in the spread of Wadō-Ryū. 1965–1968 Toyama Yutaka was national trainer in the German Judo Association (DJB). In 1965, Kōno Teruo founded the Dutch Wadō-Kai Federation in the Netherlands , from 1970 Kōno lived in Germany and there was the highest-ranking karateka in the Wadō-Ryū style under the name Wado-Kai Germany (Kai = organization). In 1984, 16 Japanese Wadō-Ryū trainers were active in Europe (the grading shown relates to the year 1984):

  • Suzuki Tatsuo (8th Dan), Shiomitsu Masufumi (6th Dan), Sakagami Kuniaki (6th Dan), Suzuki Shizuo (6th Dan) and Shinohara Yoshitsugu (4th Dan) in England
  • Ōgami Shingo (6th Dan) in Sweden
  • Ogata Takashi (5th Dan) in Finland
  • Muramatsu Hideo (6th Dan) in the Netherlands
  • Kōno Teruo (7th Dan) and Imai Shuzō (5th Dan) in Germany
  • Uchikawa Kunio (4th Dan) in France
  • Saito Moriya (6th Dan) and Igarashi Yasaharu (5th Dan) in Spain
  • Toyama Yutaka (6th Dan) in Italy
  • Kan Shibamori (3rd Dan) in Austria
  • Kamigaito Yoshikazu (6th Dan) in Belgium

Features of style

In Wadō-Ryū, the energy of the attack is allowed to run into the void by deflecting and evading and then counteracted by levers, throwing, kicking or punching techniques. The technical execution is subject to the following principles:

  • Sanmi Ittai - Every technique in Wadō-Ryū (Ten gi) includes a change of posture (Ten i) and a weight shift of the body (Ten tai) at the same time
  • Execution of all movements while avoiding the following errors: No incorrect or superfluous technology, no superfluous movement, no superfluous expenditure of force
  • Control of one's own center of gravity
  • Tai Sabaki - Leaving the line of scrimmage by evading
  • Defense against an attack and counterattack take place simultaneously (no loss of time)
  • Kyusho techniques are aimed at vital points of the attacker
  • Smooth transitions between the individual techniques

Visually, there are differences compared to other styles such as B. Shōtōkan in the katas conspicuous: Wadō-ryū-katas have a lighter, less powerful appearance and are economical to move. Defense techniques do not block an enemy attack, but divert it.

Kihon Kumite

Kihon Kumite is a training method developed by Ōtsuka Hironori consisting of 10 partner exercises to learn the principles of Wadō-Ryū. In Kihon Kumite, the energy of an attack is exploited or neutralized for its own purpose, which can be divided into three procedures:

  • "let the attack flow" (nagasu), such as B. in Kihon Kumite Nihonme (No. 2) and Ropponme (No. 6)
  • "redirect" the attack (inasu), as in z. B. Kihon Kumite Ipponme (No. 1)
  • "go in" or "go with" the attack (noru), such as B. in Kihon Kumite Sanbonme (No. 3)

Kata

Wadō-ryū takes a different approach to kata training than other styles. Ōtsuka Hironori took over the katas from Funakoshi Gichin , but used a different kanji for the term kata . The meaning of the original mold or template ( Japanese 型 ) of the Kata in Shōtōkan he replaced in Wadō-ryū with the meaning of symbol ( Japanese 形 ). The aim of the practitioner is not to always have the same form of a kata, but to allow and even encourage changes in a kata due to age and other individual characteristics of karateka.

The following kata are trained in wadō-ryū:

Pinan shodan (平安 初段) Naihanchi (内 畔 戦) Jion (慈恩)
Pinan nidan (平安 二段) Kushanku ( ク ー シ ャ ン ク ー ) Jitte (十 手)
Pinan sandan (平安 三 段) Chintō ( 鎮 党 ) Niseishi ( 二十 四 歩 )
Pinan yondan (平安 四段) Seishan ( セ イ シ ャ ン ) Wanshu ( 燕飛 )
Pinan godan (平安 五 段) Bassai (抜 塞) Rōhai (鷺 牌)

In the Wadō-Ryū the Pinan nidan is officially taught and trained before the Pinan shodan . As Katas of Wadō-Ryū , Hironori Ōtsuka only had the five Pinan Katas , Naihanchi, Kushanku, Chinto and Seishan registered with the Dainippon Butokukai in 1940 . To learn the principles of Wadō-ryū, these katas are sufficient.

Current representatives

At the moment (December 2015) the highest-ranking representative of this style is the grand master's grandson, Kazutaka Ōtsuka (* 1965). Furthermore, Japan's most successful national karate trainer Seiji Nishimura represents the Wadō-Ryū style.

The German Karate Association (DKV) has awarded the Dutch trainer Rob Zwartjes the 9th Dan. There are two Wado-Ryu styles in the German Karate Association, since after the death of Kōno Teruo (2000) the Wado-Ryu style split into Wado Ryu and WadoKai Wado Ryu Kono Style .

Representatives of Wado-Ryu are Shuzo Imai (9th Dan , Düsseldorf) and Uwe Hirtreuter (8th Dan, Hamburg). Z. (as of January 2019) the highest-ranking representative of the style. Since September 16, 2006, Marie-Luise Weber (1st Dan) from Munich has been a federal stylist for Wadō-Ryū-Karate in the DKV .

Representatives of the Wadokai Wado Ryu Kono Style in the DKV are (as of 2019) Elke von Oehsen (8th Dan, the only woman in Germany with a 7th Dan and higher since 2011), Peter Mixa (7th Dan), Werner Buddrus (7th Dan). Dan). Elke von Oehsen has been Federal Style Direction Officer WadoKai Wado Ryu Kono Style at DKV since 2000.

bibliography

Wadō-ryū-specific literature

  • Hironori Ôtsuka: Wado Ryu Karate. 1977, ISBN 0-920129-18-8 .
  • Teruo Kono: The way to the black belt. 1981, ISBN 3-9804461-0-7 .
  • Teruo Kono: The way of the black belt. 1996, ISBN 3-9804461-1-5 .
  • Shingo Ohgami: Introduction to Karate. Japanska Magasinet, 1984, ISBN 91-970231-1-6 .
  • Shingo Ohgami: Karate Katas of Wadoryu. Japanska Magasinet, 1984, ISBN 91-970231-0-8 .
  • Roberto Danubio, Wadoryu Karatedo - Kihon, Kata, Kumite. Wado Ryu Karate Media, 2010, ISBN 978-3-033-02264-5 .
  • Josef Schäfer: KARATE DÔ, Tradition & Innovation. Pukrop-Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-00-009946-8 .
  • Ben Pollock: Karate Wado-ryu: from Japan to the West. 1st edition. Manchester 2014, ISBN 978-1-291-65036-5 . Describes the spread and development of Wadō-Ryū in the 1960s and 1970s in Europe.

Cross-style literature

  • Andreas Sparmann: The 12 Karate Kata. Verlag Weinmann, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-87892-027-X . Describes the first 6th kata of Shotokan and Wadō-Ryū.
  • Roland Habersetzer: 39 karate kata. From Wadō-ryū, Gōjū-ryū and Shitō-ryū . 1st edition. Palisander Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-938305-15-7 . Contains the description of all official kata of the wadō-ryū except the kata jitte.
  • Elke von Oehsen: Mastering your life - the philosophy and biography of the karate grandmaster Teruo Kono. 2004, ISBN 3-00-013277-5 .
  • Teruo Kono / Elke von Oehsen: karate training, technique, tactics. 1991, ISBN 978-3-499-176159 .

Web links

Videos

European Championship 1987

National association websites

Others

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Uozumi Takashi, Alexander Bennett, The history and spirit of budo , International Budo University, Katsuura City, Chiba, Japan, 2010, ISBN 978-4-9980893-4-6 , p. 108.
  2. ↑ Ben Pollock: Karate Wado-ryu: from Japan to the West. 1st edition. Manchester 2014, ISBN 978-1-291-65036-5 , p. 199.
  3. ↑ Roberto Danubio, Wadoryu Karatedo - Kihon, Kata, Kumite. Wado Ryu Karate Media, 2010, ISBN 978-3-033-02264-5 , p. 13.
  4. ↑ Josef Schäfer: KARATE DO, Tradition & Innovation. Verlag Pukrop, 2002, ISBN 3-00-009946-8 , p. 26.
  5. ↑ Master Hironori Ohtsuka in the magazine Budo Karate , No. 3/2000, Verlag Satori, page 37
  6. ↑ Master Hironori Ohtsuka in the magazine Budo Karate , No. 3/2000, Verlag Satori, page 37
  7. ↑ Roberto Danubio, Wadoryu Karatedo - Kihon, Kata, Kumite. Wado Ryu Karate Media, 2010, ISBN 978-3-033-02264-5 , p. 240.
  8. ↑ Josef Schäfer: KARATE DO, Tradition & Innovation. Verlag Pukrop, 2002, ISBN 3-00-009946-8 , p. 215.
  9. ↑ Shingo Ohgami, Karate Katas of Wadoryu , Japanska Göteborg, ISBN 91-970231-0-8 , p. 10.
  10. ↑ Roberto Danubio, Wadoryu Karatedo - Kihon, Kata, Kumite , Wado Ryu Karate Media, 2010, ISBN 978-3-033-02264-5 , at 82.
  11. ↑ Performance of the Wado Ryu styles in the DKV
  12. ↑ Style direction advisor at DKV