Simone Luzzatto

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Simone Luzzatto (also Simha Luzzatto , Simchah Ben Itzaq ; * 1582 - † January 6, 1663 in Venice ) was a rabbi in the ghetto of the Republic of Venice in the 17th century.

Live and act

Luzzato came from a family who immigrated to Venice from Lausitz in the 16th century .

Luzzatto was trained by the most famous rabbis in Italy of his time. His interpretations of the Jewish scriptures were known in his day and were discussed within the Jewish communities. Luzzatto moved throughout his life in Christian scholarly circles and tried to find levels on which new encounters between Italian Jews and Christians would be possible.

His most famous work Discorso circa il stato de gl'Hebrei, et in particolar dimoranti nella Città di Venetia was written in 1638 at a time when the persecution of the Jews was beginning again. Luzzatto wrote the work with a view to the governance of the Republic of Venice and argued that toleration of the Jews in the country would bring it more advantages. The activities carried out by the Jews would otherwise be taken over by foreign merchants who would not be under the control of the Doge . The title of the book is in German: Speech on the status of the Jews and especially of those who live in the splendid city of Venice .

Luzzatto wrote a treatise on the views and doctrines of the Jews as well as their most important rites with the title Trattato dell`opinioni e dogmi degl`hebrei e dei riti loro piu principali . Unfortunately, the manuscript of this treatise has been lost.

Because it was written in Italian, Luzzatto's work was accepted by the Venice government, thus preventing the Jews from being expelled from the ghetto. A new edition took place in 1976 at A. Forni Editore in Bologna .

Luzzato's grave is in the Jewish cemetery of Venice Lido .

Fonts

  • Discorso circa il stato de gl'Hebrei et in particolare demoranti nell 'inclita Città di Venezia. Calleoni, Venezia 1639. (Reprinted Bologna 1976.)
  • Socrate overo Dell'humano sapere ... opera nella quale si dimostra quanto sia imbecile l'humano intendimento, mentre non è diretto dalla divina rivelatione. Tomasini, Venezia 1651. (Dedicated to Doge Francesco Molin and the Senate of Venice.)
  • Giuseppe Veltri et al. (Ed.): Scritti politici e filosofici di un ebreo scettico nella Venezia del Seicento. Bompiani, Milan 2013, ISBN 978-88-452-7295-0 .

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Luzzatto, Simon . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 16th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1867, p. 183 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Riccardo Benjamin Bachi, Moses Avigdor Shulvass (preface): Ma'āmār 'al Jehudē Vēnēṣia (Discorso…) Bialik Institute (Mosad Bialik), Jerusalem.
  • Ariel Viterbo: Socrate nel Ghetto. Lo scettismo mascherato the Simone Luzzatto. In: Studi Veneziani . N. 38, 1999, pp. 79-128.
  • Vasileios Syros: Simone Luzzato's Image of the Ideal Prince and the Italian Tradition of Reason of State. The Historical Background of Luzzatto's Political Ideas. In: Redescriptions: Yearbook of Political Thought and Conceptual History. Münster 2005, pp. 157-182. (redescriptions.fi ; PDF; 207 kB)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Simone (Simcha) Luzzatto in the Jewish Encyclopedia . Retrieved February 3, 2011.
  2. ↑ Lisa Saracco: Luzzato. In Treccani.
  3. ↑ Sina Rauschenbach: Judaism for Christians - Mediation and Self-Assertion by Menasseh ben Israel in the learned debates of the 17th century. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-026186-8 , p. 44.
  4. ↑ Sina Rauschenbach: Judaism for Christians - Mediation and Self-Assertion by Menasseh ben Israel in the learned debates of the 17th century. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-026186-8 , p. 45.
  5. ^ Giuseppe Veltri : The world as a market and political concept. A rabbi in seventeenth-century Venice. In: FAZ . January 5, 2011, p. N3.
personal data
SURNAME Luzzatto, Simone
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Luzzatto, Simeon ben Isaac; Luzzatto, Simha; Ben Itzaq, Simchah
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rabbi in the Venice ghetto
DATE OF BIRTH 1582
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1663
Place of death Venice