Smart sensor

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A smart sensor (also smart sensor or smart sensor , engl. Smart sensor ) is a sensor , in addition to the actual measurement size detection , the complete signal processing and signal processing combined in a housing.

Such complex sensors usually include a microprocessor or microcontroller , if necessary also equipped with DSP functionality and the like, complex logic units such as B. FPGAs , ... and provide standardized interfaces for communication with higher-level systems, e.g. B. via field bus systems , sensor networks , IO-Link .... Because they have “intelligence”, so to speak, these sensors are considered smartdesignated. In this way the complete demanding task of such sensors should be fulfilled without an external computer and there are good reasons for this, such as miniaturization, decentralization, increasing reliability, reducing costs, improving flexibility.

The technological basis for this is that such complex smart sensors in miniature form can be realized at all, among other things, provide the microtechnology , microsystem technology and nanotechnology .

Smart sensors can be equipped with a wide variety of interfaces , wired, contactless opto-inductive coupling or non-wired using passive and active radio technology, including: I²C , SENT , LIN bus , Ethernet , Profibus , USB , FireWire , CAN , CANopen , MOST bus , LON , RFID , Bluetooth , WPAN , GSM , UMTS , ....

A smart image recognition sensor as an example

Conventional, non-smart image recognition sensors (pure camera optics and mechanics with CCD or CMOS sensors ) only capture the image and send this raw data in analog or digital form to a computer equipped with a suitable interface for further image processing , such as edge extraction and other classifications , .. . Only in the external remote computer is a decision made by pattern recognition and other image recognition steps whether z. B. the inspected sample meets the requirements or is sorted out. In contrast, with a smart image recognition sensor, the computer technology ( hardware and software ) integrated in addition to the camera function is sufficient to evaluate the captured object immediately on the spot based on the required properties in real time and to make the result available in this way. See smart camera .

See also

literature

  • Ulrich Hilleringmann: microsystem technology. Process steps, technologies, applications. 1st edition. Teubner Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-8351-0003-3 .
  • Nitaigour P. Mahalik: Sensor Networks and Configuration. Fundamentals, Standards, Platforms, and Applications. 1st edition. Springer Verlag, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-540-37364-0 . (English)
  • Faouzi Derbel: Smart sensor system for early fire detection. Fire alarm systems for faster and more reliable differentiation of disruptive events . Richard Pflaum Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-7905-0870-5 .
  • Jörg P Baselt, Gerald Gerlach: Dresden Sensor Symposium (6th) - Sensors for future high technologies and new developments for process engineering. 1st edition. web Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-935712-92-8 .
  • Development of intelligent miniaturized sensors for 2D and 3D measurement for quality assurance and surface analysis applications. Joint project 1995–1998, final report 59 . VDI Verlag, 1998, ISBN 3-89750-057-4 .
  • Fundamental developments of an intelligent sensor / actuator family in microsystem technology (GENIS). Joint project 1990–1993, final report 6 . VDI Verlag, 1993, ISBN 3-89750-005-1 .
  • Sensors with contactless opto-inductive coupling in microsystem technology. Joint project 1994–1997, final report 57 . VDI Verlag, 1998, ISBN 3-89750-055-8 .

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