Solanum bauerianum
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Solanum bauerianum is an extinct species of the nightshade genus( Solanum ). It was only found on Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island . The art epithet honors Ferdinand Bauer , who worked on Norfolk Island from 1804 to 1805.
features
Solanum bauerianum was a shrub or small tree that reached a height of 3 meters. The leaves were alternate, asymmetrical and sometimes paired. The 6 to 13 centimeters long and 2.5 to 6 centimeters wide leaf blades were lanceolate-elliptical. The leaf margin was whole or irregular and wavy jagged. The tip of the leaf was pointed to pointed.
The panicle-shaped inflorescence was terminal or axillary and carried many flowers . The inflorescence stalks were 1.5 to 3.5 mm long. The flower stalks measured 5 to 10 mm. The calyx was 1.5 to 2 mm long and was covered with short, wide, serrated lobes. The 1.5 to 1.75 mm long, white corolla was star-shaped. The corolla lobes were broadly oval-triangular and tapered to a point. The anthers were 2 mm long.
The bright red or scarlet, spherical berries were about 6 mm in diameter. They contained seeds about 3 mm long .
Occurrence
The species is endemic to Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island , but is believed to be extinct there.
The last specimen was collected on Norfolk Island in 1830 by Alan Cunningham . However, there is a report by Joseph Henry Maiden from 1904 that mentions plants from Phillip Island whose fruits look like bright red, elongated tomatoes. The last specimen from Lord Howe Island was collected by the Australian botanist John Luke Boorman in 1920. In February 1949, a specimen was collected in New South Wales , which should have come from a cultivated tree. However, research into these cultivated plants in 1985 was unsuccessful.
The cause of the extinction is believed to be a combination of displacement by invasive plant species and by rodents that ate the fruits and seeds.
Individual evidence
- ^ JH Maiden: Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 28: 765 (1904)
- ^ I. Hutton, JP Parkes & ARE Sinclair: Reassembling island ecosystems: the case of Lord Howe Island PDF, online
literature
- Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher: Prodromus florae Norfolkicae, sive, Catalogus stirpium quae in Insula Norfolk annis 1804 et 1805 a Ferdinando Bauer collectae et depictae nunc in Museo Caesareo Palatino Rerum Naturalium Vindobonae servantur (1833) . P. 54 (Endlicher's first description in Latin online )