Solanum ivohibe
| Solanum ivohibe | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Solanum ivohibe | ||||||||||||
| D'Arcy & Rakot. |
Solanum ivohibe is a plant from the genus of Solanaceae ( Solanum ) in the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae). It was found only once in a collection in Madagascar .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Solanum ivohibe is an unreinforced, sparsely branched shrub or possibly a liana. The young shoots are long and flexible, grooved and mostly hairless, only the very fresh shoots are irregularly covered with branched, 10 to 15-rayed trichomes up to 0.2 millimeters long . The main shoots measure 2 to 4 millimeters in diameter and are hairless. Their bark is grooved lengthways and almost white. The leaves are in clusters at the tips of the branches and on small short shoots. The scars left by the petioles are clearly protruding stumps that almost overlap or are up to 2.5 centimeters apart.
The sympodial units contain several leaves. These are simple, 5 to 7 inches long and 2 to 2.5 inches wide. The leaf blade is elliptical to ovate, membranous and wrinkled when dry. It is evenly colored dark green, hairless on both sides, only occasionally simple or branched trichomes with a length of up to 3 millimeters stand along the leaf axis of the underside. The leaf axis is protruding on the underside and flat on the upper side. Five to six pairs of side axes extend from it at an angle of about 60 °. The third-order veins are brown, fine, and indistinct. The base of the leaf blade is long, pointed, towards the front it is pointed. The leaf margin is entire, mostly hairless or rarely covered with simple or sparsely branched trichomes, these become more common towards the tip. The petiole is 1 to 2.5 centimeters slender, flexible, grooved and merging into the leaf. The hairiness can be absent or resembles that of the trunk. Domatia are often formed on the underside of the leaf between the central axis and the side veins . These consist of branched trichomes with long branches and cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences are terminally at the tip of the twigs or short shoots. They are 4 to 5 centimeters long and branch out once. They have 10 to 16 flowers . The peduncle is 2 to 2.7 (rarely up to 5) centimeters long. The inflorescence stalk and the inflorescence axis are largely hairless, with branched trichomes that resemble those of the trunk only occasionally. The flower stalks are 1 to 2.2 millimeters long, 0 to 0.5 millimeters above the base are articulated and hairless. They are widespread towards the tip, so that there is a stepped transition between the flower stem and calyx. When the flower stalks fall off, small stumps appear on the axis of the inflorescence that almost overlap or are up to 4 millimeters apart. The buds are elliptical in shape.
The flowers are probably always fully developed. The calyx is far upside down and at flowering it is about a fifth to a third as long as the crown. About a third to half of the length it is split into calyx tips. These are regular or irregular, triangular and pointed or blunt towards the front. They are 0.8 to 2 millimeters long and 1 to 1.5 millimeters wide at the base; the veins cannot be seen. The hair consists of tufts of branched trichomes at the tips of the calyx lobes and the surrounding tissue.
The crown dries orange-brown, measures 1 to 1.8 centimeters in diameter and is lobed almost to the base. The corolla lobes are narrowly egg-shaped, 5 to 7 millimeters long and 2 to 2.5 millimeters wide and have a brown central vein. Inside and outside are hairless in the middle, towards the edge more and more small trichomes can be found, with the length increasing towards the tip.
The stamens have grown together to form a tube about 1 millimeter long, the free-standing part is shorter than 1 millimeter. The anthers are of the same shape, fixed dorsally, stand free and are clearly separated from each other. They are elongated, 3.5 to 4 millimeters long and 1 to 1.5 millimeters wide. They open through pores about 0.3 millimeters in diameter at the tips. The pores are clearly delimited by a pale yellow region and do not enlarge with age. The surface of the dust bag is smooth.
The ovary is conical and hairless. He carries a 0.8 to 1 centimeter long, slender, curved stylus that protrudes about 3 to 4 millimeters over the anthers. The scar is head-shaped, dark and finely papilous .
Fruits and seeds
Fruits and seeds of the species are not known.
Occurrence
The only known specimen of the species is located in the Ivohibe area of the Fianarantsoa province in Madagascar . It was collected on November 28, 1951.
Systematics
Due to the lack of plant material, the systematic classification of the species has not yet been investigated using molecular biology . It is likely that it can be classified in the African, non-prickly clade around Solanum aggregatum with other Malagasy, non-prickly nightshade species . The species is most similar to Solanum sambriense and a little further away to Solanum imamense and Solanum betroka . Solanum ivohibe shares a similar distribution area with the last two species .
The current species concept differs greatly from the originally described scope of the species by William D'Arcy and Armand Rakotozafy . These had described the species on the basis of a total of five herbarium specimens, all of which, however, apart from the type specimen, belong to Solanum madgascariense .
proof
- M. Vorontsova: Solanum ivohibe . In: Solanaceae Source ( online ), February 2008, accessed August 12, 2012.