Solar-hydrogen project Neunburg vorm Wald
Coordinates: 49 ° 20 ′ 0 ″ N , 12 ° 22 ′ 25 ″ E
The solar hydrogen project Neunburg vorm Wald (SWB project) was a research project of Solar-Hydrogen-Bayern GmbH in the Bavarian city of Neunburg vorm Wald . Between 1989 and 2000 the project dealt with the vision of a future CO 2 -free energy supply . The project was originally planned as early as the end of September 1986 in collaboration with the Ludwig Bölkow Foundation, founded in 1983 .
Participations and cooperations
In addition to Bayernwerk AG (initially with 60%, most recently 70%), the companies BMW (10%), Linde AG (10%), Siemens (10%) and MBB (10%) and from 1989 DASA bis 1994. According to the operators themselves, the project formed a basis for using hydrogen as an energy carrier.
The project has ended, nothing is known about a continuation. As a result, in addition to technological impulses, it was noted that the “competitive production readiness of the BMW (...) is not yet given”. The development of hydrogen combustion engines is currently stopped at BMW as well as most other manufacturers.
concept
The solar energy is harvested via solar cells and generates electrical voltage . Subsequently, in electrolyzers water into its components of oxygen and hydrogen cleaved. These gases are temporarily stored for the time being and used when necessary. Burning hydrogen can generate heat or serve as fuel for motor vehicles.
Located south of the city of Neunburg vorm Wald and north of Penting , the construction and operation of the solar-hydrogen system as a demonstration system made it possible to observe and research all these steps. In addition to a 5,000 m² solar field, there was an operating and research building, a hydrogen filling station, a gas storage facility and, as a public communication element, a multi-purpose building with an information pavilion. The entire energy system from harvesting solar energy to consumption by motor vehicles has been built, operated and tested.
Solar architecture
The architectural firm Steidl, which was planning at the time, under the leadership of the architect Michael Steidl, already placed emphasis on energetic aspects when planning the multi-purpose building in 1987 and fell back on the state of the art at the time. The A / V ratio was important for the entire cubature , which means a lot of space with less surface and thus less heat radiation area. The choice of materials and construction for the building fell on an energy-saving brick construction. The glass front of the window facade, which forms the outer shell of a room air collector, faces south. A thermal buffer zone, similar to a winter garden, was thus achieved, which allows passive use of solar energy. The air space behind the facade extends over two floors. The warm air is sucked up through a heat collector, which heats the hot water of the building.
Relevance of the project for the future
The research project made it possible to achieve particular successes in the following areas:
Solar cell types
By testing nine different types of solar cells over a long period of time, it was found that monocrystalline and amorphous solar modules were the most reliable. Problems with polycrystalline modules were resolved with the manufacturers and the cells could thus be further developed.
security concept
It has been shown that, for financial and safety reasons, it is advisable to implement plants for the generation, storage and subsequent use of hydrogen systems centrally. In addition, facilities for gas generation and use should be located outdoors. As a combination of the prototypes of different plants, systems and machines turned out to be difficult, it turned out that future plants should be planned individually. Solving the emerging problems could trigger development impulses in several areas.
No loss of energy when refueling with liquid hydrogen
A car tank system without a cryogenic valve for refueling with liquid hydrogen was developed. The hydrogen filling station made it possible to reduce a previously unavoidable loss of 30% energy during the refueling process with liquid hydrogen to zero. It was also possible to shorten the refueling time of the minus 253 degrees Celsius, liquefied hydrogen from just under an hour to three minutes.
However, the energy required to liquefy the hydrogen and the evaporation losses in the case of longer idle times with the known disadvantages (for example no storage in closed rooms) are still unavoidable. In the mobile sector, therefore, the use of pressure tanks (up to 700 bar) is increasingly being used.
Public perception of the project
At the end of the 1990s, solar-hydrogen technology was breaking new ground. The project met with great advocacy and interest, especially in the Upper Palatinate population, who were very interested in energy supply issues due to the planned Wackersdorf reprocessing plant and after the Chernobyl reactor accident . The “dawn of a new energy age” was not only mentioned in the regional press. By 1999 the information center had a total of around 130,000 visitors from over 100 countries. Including many specialists (around 35%).
Today's use of the site
Today the area is owned by Stadtwerke Neunburg vorm Wald. The former offices, workshops and laboratories are used by the Neunburg municipal utilities and the Nord-Ost-Gruppe water supply association. The Bayernwerk AG built the information center into a network control center around and uses it to monitor and control 70% of the Bavarian medium and gas transportation network.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ H2ydroguide: Hydrogen Project - Neunburg vorm Wald / Upper Palatinate ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 14, 2012.
- ↑ Oberpfaelzer-Seenland: Solar-Hydrogen Information Center ( Memento of the original from August 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 14, 2012.
- ↑ Brochure about the solar-hydrogen project.
- ↑ Mittelbayerische Zeitung, Neunburger Anzeiger, Regensburg, August 29, 1987.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Mittelbayerische Zeitung, Neunburger Anzeiger, Regensburg, May 17, 1988.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Mittelbayerischer Verlag: The network control center is being expanded , accessed October 16, 2018.
