Spanish gold thistle

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Spanish gold thistle
Scolymus hispanicus whole plant.jpg

Spanish golden thistle ( Scolymus hispanicus )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Cichorioideae
Tribe : Cichorieae
Genre : Scolymus
Type : Spanish gold thistle
Scientific name
Scolymus hispanicus
L.

The Spanish golden thistle ( Scolymus hispanicus ) is a species of Scolymus in the sunflower family (Asteraceae).

features

Flower heads

The Spanish golden thistle is a biennial plant that reaches heights of 20 to 80 centimeters. The species is thistle-like and grows upright and mostly branched. The stalk leaves are rigid and pinnately pinnate. Their individual sections are toothed with thorns. The edge of the leaves is only slightly thickened. It runs down the stem just enough that it looks as if it were broken winged. The flower heads are terminal and axillary. Their diameter is 1 to 2 centimeters. The ray florets are 16 to 17 millimeters long, golden yellow and hairy on the outside. They are surmounted by 3 bracts that are toothed with thorns. The bracts are lanceolate, gradually taper and have hardly any hairs. The chaff leaves enclose the outer fruits. The pappus consists of 2 to 4 short bristles.

Flowering time is from June to September.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.

Occurrence

The Spanish golden thistle occurs in the Mediterranean area and on the Canary Islands on roadsides, on rubble sites and on wasteland. Their distribution extends north to northwestern France.

Systematics

Two subspecies can be distinguished:

  • Scolymus hispanicus L. subsp. hispanicus
  • Scolymus hispanicus subsp. occidentalis F. M. Vázquez : It is native to Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Portugal, Spain, the Balearic Islands, France, Italy and Sardinia. In the Canary Islands, the originality is doubtful.

The subspecies Scolymus hispanicus subsp. grandiflorus (Desf.) P. Fourn. is now mostly used as an independent species Scolymus grandiflorus Desf. viewed.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Tropicos. [1]
  2. Peter Derek Sell: Scolymus L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 4, p. 304. Cambridge University Press 1976. ISBN 0-521-08717-1
  3. a b c Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Scolymus hispanicus In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Spanish golden thistle  album containing pictures, videos and audio files
  • Thomas Meyer, Michael Hassler: Mediterranean and Alpine flora. [2]