St. Katharina Hospital Church (Regensburg)

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St. Catherine Hospital Church

In Regensburg, the term “Katharinenspital” refers to five institutions of the St. Katharinenspitalstiftung: The St. Katharina Hospital Parish Church, the nursing home and the brewery (plus beer garden), the forest and the archive. The hospital manager is in charge of the hospital. The hospital council is composed of four “secular” and four born “spiritual” hospital councilors sent by the Regensburg city council, namely provost, dean, custodian of the Regensburg cathedral chapter and the cathedral priest (if he is a member of the cathedral chapter). The Regensburg city council has the right to propose successors to secular hospital councilors, the hospital council elects the nominee. The hospital council is the decision-making administrative body of the foundation. The Katharinenspital has one of the most important archives in Germany, which preserves an intact inventory of documents up to the 12th century. The Catholic parish and hospital church of St. Katharina is located at St.-Katharinen-Platz 3 in the Regensburg district of Stadtamhof near the Stone Bridge .

history

The Johannesspital, located southwest of the Romanesque cathedral, is already occupied in the 12th century; its roots could go back to a cathedral hospital suspected in the 10th century under Bishop Wolfgang. It was moved under Bishop Konrad IV of Frontenhausen together with the Regensburg citizens around 1213/14 to its present location in Stadtamhof. Konrad donated 7,000 pounds pfennigs from his own fortune. In 1226 he issued the hospital statutes, which are still valid today (modified), with their four spiritual and secular hospital councils each. Until it was destroyed in 1809 by the city fire caused by the Austrian army, a life-size statue on the central pillar of the hospital portal showed Bishop Conrad IV as the benefactor. The additional patronage of John the Baptist and John the Evangelist is a reminiscence of the original Johannesspital. This is also reminiscent of the seal of the hospital brotherhood (episcopal law), which was a Johannessiegel until the 16th century, while the hospital master verifiably certified documents with a Katharinensiegel from 1290 onwards. After the imperial city of Regensburg became Lutheran in 1542, both the diocese and the imperial city tried to bring the Katharinenspital into the sole legal authority. In the wake of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the foundation was jointly administered by both denominations by a Lutheran and a Catholic hospital master, with staff and residents who were exactly denominationally divided. The Protestant share of the parity was abolished in 1891 and the Protestants were settled with 400,000 marks.

building

Building history

The hospital church of St. Katharinenspital is a hexagonal central building with a choir, western nave and roof turret, as well as an octagonal baptistery and a sacristy to the north. The church was originally built as a mausoleum of the Regensburg patrician family Zant. The hexagonal central building was extended by a two-bay nave towards the end of the 13th century (there are research findings regarding the start of construction of the central structure and the nave. The year 1220 is assumed to be the earliest construction of the central building). Since the immediate vicinity of the central building was used as a cemetery and the building itself was a mausoleum (the remains of the Zanttumba from the original building are in the Regensburg City Museum), this is the All Saints Chapel, documented as a sepulchral building. A special architectural and artistic feature that suggests the craftsmanship between the stonemasons and the Dombauhütte are the six colored original capitals inside the central building. In 1489 the choir was enlarged under the hospital master Andreas Wallner. The mausoleum is not the original parish church of the parish, which is still legally independent today. The latter stood right next to the Stone Bridge, but had to be demolished when the city ​​fortifications of Regensburg on the north bank of the Danube were reinforced at the beginning of the 15th century due to the danger of the Hussites. Between 1858 and 1860 the choir was rebuilt and regotized and extensive renovations were carried out by Michael Maurer .

Interior

Nothing has been preserved from the original interior. The portrait of the two Johannes von Albrecht Altdorfer (the painting is now on permanent loan from the hospital in the Regensburg City Museum ) has only belonged to the Katharinenspital (contrary to Karl Bauer's opinion ) since the end of the 19th century. The high altar, a winged altar, comes from the church in Martinsberg ( abandoned because of the Hohenfels military training area ). On the outside, which is visible from Christmas Eve to the depiction of the Lord, the wings show the Christmas events (Adoration of the Shepherds and Adoration of the Magi), on the inside scenes from the lives of the three martyrs Barbara, Margarete and Katharina. In the center of the altar is a statue of St. Catherine of Alexandria made around 1500 . The celebration altar was made around 1990; for this purpose, elements of the former choir screen were recycled. The ambo was recreated in the style of the celebration altar and has an ostentatious desk for storing the gospel after the preaching of the gospel. Also of more recent date are the tabernacles and tabernacle stele that are separated from the high altar in accordance with current liturgical legislation (with an engraved text quote from the hymn Heiteres Licht vom Glanz ). The left side wall is decorated with a Gothic crucifix accompanied by two Luciferian angels. These angels were found during the renovation of the hospital master's house. Its original artistic connection to the hospital has not been clarified. During Easter, a risen man from the Rococo period (not part of the original inventory) can be seen. The colorful glass windows in the choir come from the time the choir was rebuilt. On the right side of the central building there is a Madonna from the Art Nouveau era and a reproduction of the Altdorf painting made available by the church rector, Pastor Msgr. August Lindner, who has been in the pastoral service of the hospital since 1998. A renovation of this building, which is "one of the most important works of the 13th century in Bavaria in terms of art history", has been under construction since April 2018. In the side chapel there is a Gothic altar from the St. Joseph's Chapel, which belongs to the Martinsberg Church. The wings show St. Andrew and Rochus on the outside and scenes from the life of St. Andrew and Nicholas on the inside. The corresponding figure of St. Andrew in the center (from around 1400) is in the house chapel. Instead there is a pietà. The baptismal font in the side chapel dates from 2005. The lid is crowned with a baroque resurrected person. The grave slab of Ulrich Zant († 1250) is embedded in the west wall.

organ

Heick organ

The pipe organ dates from 1973 and was built by the local company Heick . It is the only work of this company that was more active in the restoration sector. It replaced the in after Kager transferred Breil organ . Your disposition is:

Manual C – f 3
1. Dumped 8th'
2. Prefix 4 ′
3. Pipe whistle 4 ′
4th Schwiegel 2 ′
5. mixture 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – d 1
6th Sub-bass 16 ′

An additional electronic organ for the presentation of music from other epochs dates from 2014.

Web links

Commons : Spitalkirche St. Katharina  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history . 6th edition. MZ-Buchverlag, Regenstauf 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 , p. 692 to 726 .
  • Artur Dirmeier: The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of Zant, in: Artur Dirmeier / Wido Wittenzellner (eds.): The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of the Zant. History - building research - inscriptions. Self-published by Katharinenspital Regensburg, Regensburg 2000, ISBN 3-9807354-0-0 , pp. 9–41.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the hospital's statutes ( memento of the original from April 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.spital.de
  2. ↑ Archive ( Memento of the original from May 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. the Katharinenspitalstiftung @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.spital.de
  3. ↑ See Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history. 6th expanded edition. MZ-Verlag, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 , pp. 720-722; Artur Dirmeier / Wido Wittenzellner (eds.): The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of the Zant. History - building research - inscriptions. Self-published by Katharinenspital Regensburg, Regensburg 2000, ISBN 3-9807354-0-0 , pp. 9–41.
  4. ^ Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history. 6th expanded edition. MZ-Verlag, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 , pp. 723-725 (outdated); Artur Dirmeier: The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of Zant, in: Artur Dirmeier / Wido Wittenzellner (eds.): The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of the Zant. History - building research - inscriptions. Self-published by Katharinenspital Regensburg, Regensburg 2000, ISBN, 3-9807354-0-0, pp. 20–28.
  5. ^ Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history. 6th expanded edition. MZ-Verlag, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 , pp. 723-725; Artur Dirmeier_ The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of Zant, in: Artur Dirmeier / Wido Wittenzellner (eds.): The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of the Zant. History - building research - inscriptions. Self-published by Katharinenspital Regensburg, Regensburg 2000, ISBN 3-9807354-0-0 , pp. 28–33.
  6. ↑ See http://reinis-welten.de/regensburg/bauwerkeplaetzeundsonstigesberuehmtes/stkatharinenspitalandersteinernenbruecke/
  7. ^ Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history. 6th expanded edition. MZ-Verlag, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 , pp. 723-725; Artur Dirmeier: The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of Zant, in: Artur Dirmeier / Wido Wittenzellner (eds.): The hospital church in Regensburg. Mausoleum of the Zant. History - building research - inscriptions. Self-published by Katharinenspital Regensburg, Regensburg 2000, ISBN, pp. 28–33.
  8. ↑ Interior views of the hospital church ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.spital.de

Coordinates: 49 ° 1 ′ 27.9 ″  N , 12 ° 5 ′ 46.3 ″  E