Spitzberg (mountain group)
| Spitzberg | ||
|---|---|---|
| Highest peak | Großer Spitzberg ( 1396 m above sea level ) | |
| location | Traunviertel , Upper Austria | |
| part of | Steyrtaler Voralpen ( Trimmel ) / Upper Austrian Voralpen ( AVE ) / Enns and Steyrtaler Voralpen ( NaLa ) | |
| Classification according to | Trimmel 1663 Spitzberg | |
|
||
| Coordinates | 47 ° 49 '43 " N , 14 ° 13' 30" E | |
| Type | Low mountain range | |
| rock | Limes , primarily main dolomite | |
| Age of the rock | 230–130 million years ( Mesozoic , from Upper Triassic ) | |
| surface | 37.1 km² | |
The Spitzberg mountain group are some of the mountains in the Upper Austrian Pre-Alps in the southern Traunviertel in Upper Austria .
Location and landscape
The group is located north of the Sengsengebirge , right in the middle Steyrtal , south of the Mollner basin , and extends in the municipality of Molln .
The extension is around 8 km, the area of the group is a good 37 km² in the definition below. The highest peak, the Great Spitzberg , is 1396 m above sea level. A. The mountains are forested throughout and are of little alpine importance.
Boundary, neighboring mountain groups and classification
The group belongs to the limestone foothills . According to the mountain group structure according to Trimmel , it has the number 1663, belongs to the Steyrtal Pre-Alps (1660) and is delimited (clockwise):
- in the north and east of the Mollner Bach from the confluence with the Steyr (Stefaniebrücke, 378 m ) via Molln and Garnweid (valley pass approx. 530 m ) - Ramsau (mouth Ramsaugraben 506 m ) - Paltenbach upwards via Hopfing to the military training area : to the Ramsauer Höchstberg group– Rotgsol (1664)
- in the south Urlachbach - saddle between Anstandmauer and Schwarzkogel (approx. 1175 m ) - depression and channel - Effertsbach to the mouth near Frauenstein : to the Sengsengebirge (1651, Windischgarstener and Reichraminger Alps 1650)
- in the west of Steyr down a short distance to the mouth of the Vinsgassenbach (valley pass into the Kremstal): to the Kremsmauer group (1662)
- in the northwest of Steyr further ( Steyr breakdown ) : the group Hirschwaldstein (1667)
According to the Alpine Association of the Eastern Alps (AVE), the mountains belong to the Upper Austrian Pre-Alps (17b). The Upper Austrian regional division (NaLa) provides them for the Enns and Steyrtal Pre-Alps (09 / ESV). The mountains around the Mollner basin are also known as the Mollner mountains .
Outline and summit
The group is divided into two orographically separated groups by the lower course of the Paltenbach near Palten :
- Spitzberg in the south (Großer 1396 m , Kleiner 1366 m ), with Schwarzkogel ( 1300 m ) above the Hopfing; and the valley hills around Frauenstein
- Eibling ( 1108 m ) in the north, with Rammelspitz ( 1054 m ) above Molln
geology
The group formed mainly of the banked Hauptdolomit the Paleo-Tethys Ocean (Upper Carnian to Norian the Triassic, 230-200 million years ago), the Reichraming ceiling of the high Bajuwarikums builds the Upper Austrian Alps. In the southern part, the folding influences of the Höllengebirge ceiling (Tirolean) dominate the Sengsengebirge, which the Reichraming ceiling pushes over. Here there are hollows from Upper Norse limestone (Dachstein limestone) to Jura limestone and Cretaceous marl (layers of the Neotethys ), which build up the summit corridor of the Spitzberg as well as the Schwarzkogel. These series continue westward via Windberg and Siebenstein into the Steyrtal as well as in the east on Ramsauer Großestenberg .
Glacially a local, little active Eisstromnetz the Sengsengebirgsvergletscherung can be assumed for the later high ice ages, the main thrust of the Steyrtalgletschers was probably through the Talpass of Schoenberg in the Kremstal, while the Mollner pool probably only Mindelzeit was filled, but otherwise embossed with river terraces primarily of effluent meltwater is. Only during maximum freezing did the Steyr Valley Glacier and the tongues of the Sengsengebirgsgletscher merge through Effertsgraben and the Palten (valley passes at Pichlbauern / Ramsauer Strasse and in the valley to the north) in the Steyr breakthrough and the widening of Frauenstein; . The Effertsbach glacier should have covered around 6 km², the Hopfing glacier 18 km². The Eibling stood in the ice as nunatak , while on the Spitzberg a local glacier is already possible for maximum freezing . The Riss cold time was not very pronounced here in the area; the central Steyrtal was probably completely free of ice and at times glacier lake. More important, however, was a local glaciation of the Sengsengebirge that fell in the early Würm glaciation, which left moraines in Palten-Forsthub and on the Mollner Steinköpfl, while the distant glacier from the interior of the mountains must have been completely absent at the time.
Natural equipment
The southern flank of the Spitzberg in the Urlach is already part of the national park, European protected area and Ramsar area of the Upper Austrian Limestone Alps . There the gorge forest is part of the UNESCO World Natural Heritage of Primeval Beech Forests and Ancient Beech Forests of Europe ( Urlach sub-area ). On the upper Effertsbach , just outside the national park boundaries, there are two sub-areas of the FFH area of the gorge forests of the Steyr and Ennstal foothills . The Steyrufer down to Oberleonsberg are designated as a European protected area Middle Steyr . Larger protected areas in the mainly forestry area are still pending.
No caves have yet been recorded in the cave cadastre for this group.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Günter Stummer, Lukas Plan: Handbook on the Austrian cave directory. SpelDok Austria series , Volume 10, Association of Austrian Cave Researchers, Vienna 2002, p. 125 ( pdf, hoehle.org).
- ↑ Lukas Plan: Verbal description of the delimitation of the subgroups of the Austrian cave directory. Association of Austrian Speleologists, as of January 8th. 2008, p. 30.
- ↑ cf. Thomas Hornung: Report 2014 on geological surveys in the Kienberg and Klaus area (Upper Austrian Pre-Alps / Sengsengebirge) on sheet NL 33-02-01 Kirchdorf an der Krems. In: Yearbook of the Federal Geological Institute. 156, 2016, pp. 318–336 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- ↑ cf. Janine Bardenhagen: Report 2002 on geological recordings in the Northern Limestone Alps on sheet 68 Kirchdorf an der Krems. In: Yearbook of the Federal Geological Institute. 143 (2003), p. 467, column 1 ( full article, p. 465-467, pdf , opac.geologie.ac.at).
- ^ Josef Zeitlinger: Attempt to break down the ice age deposits in the central Steyr valley. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Year 99, Linz 1954, pp. 189–243 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ), map The surroundings of the Sengsengebirge and the central Steyertal at the time of the greatest (Mindel) glaciation. P. 232 (PDF p. 44).
- ^ Hermann Kohl: The Ice Age in Upper Austria. Part II: The Ice Age glaciation in Upper Austria. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Volume 143a, Linz 1998, especially chap. 7 The area of the ice age glaciers of the Steyr and Kremstal valleys. P. 313 ff, whole article p. 175–390, PDF on ZOBODAT (there p. 144 ff).
- ↑ The Günzeiszeit is hardly preserved in the area, cf. ops cit. Zeitlinger 1954, VIII. The oldest ballast, Günz; the Günz-Mindel interglacial and the question of relocating the course of the Steyr. P. 224 (pdf p. 36); In any case, it was clearly stronger than the Mindel glacier; in addition ops cit. Kohl 1998, p. 378 and Fig. S, 324 (pdf p. 211 and 157, respectively); There are no traces of any older ice ages.
- ↑ ops.cit. Zeitlinger 1954, IX. The extent of the Mindel icing. P. 228 ff (pdf p. 40).
- ↑ Upper edge of the ice at Klaus approx. 900–1000 m for Mindel, and approx. 800 m for Riß; The leading edge of the ice in the Mollner Basin at most at Steyrleithen and Furth; Zeitlinger 1954, pp. 231 resp. 233 (pdf p. 43, or 45, map p. 44).
- ↑ a b ops.cit. Zeitlinger 1954, p. 231; Rammelspitz is addressed there as Zmolingerspitz.
- ↑ Zeitlinger 1954, X. The Riss-icing and the Riss-Würm-Interglacial with the reservoir of Schmiedleiten. P. 233 f (pdf p. 45).
- ↑ Zeitlinger 1954, XI. The intensive local glaciation Würm I, the further Würm stages and the filling of the lower terraces. P. 234 ff (pdf p. 46 ff).