St. Johann Baptist (Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Johann Baptist is an originally Gothic, Baroque-style hall church in Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate in the Upper Palatinate district of Amberg-Sulzbach . It belongs to the parish of St. Johann Baptist in the Auerbach deanery of the Archdiocese of Bamberg . The associated rectory is in the neighborhood .
History and architecture
The church was surrounded by a cemetery until the 17th century and forms the unmistakable eastern end of the street market. As a result of the relocation of the Michelfeld Monastery to the market , a church was initially made of wood and then of stone in the 14th century. During the Hussite Wars in 1430, the church was badly damaged and therefore largely rebuilt. In 1555 the tower and dome were increased. In the years 1685–1686 the nave was rebuilt and expanded by master mason Johann Kirchberger according to plans by Georg Dientzenhofer , with the Gothic outer walls of the nave and tower being reused. In 1730 the Annakapelle was added to the north side of the nave as a donation by Pastor Friedrich Trettenbach. In 1755 the organ loft was changed. In the years 1779–1781 the choir was rebuilt by Thomas Sebastian Preysinger and a sacristy was added. The choir vault was repaired in 1794. After a fire in 1868, the tower was rebuilt in 1886. Renovations were carried out around 1900, 1939/1940 and 1976–1979.
The building is designed as a wall pillar church with a drawn-in, three-sided closed choir and a tower in the southwest corner of the choir. The eastern parts are made of sandstone blocks, the remaining parts as plastered construction. The two-axis west facade is designed with basket arch portals; above it is a painted, repeatedly restored stick figure of St. John Nepomuk from the middle of the 18th century. The wide, slightly pressed church interior is covered by a barrel vault with stitch caps , in the choir the vaults are enriched by stucco frames. The ceiling painting dates from 1944. Half-height chapels with galleries above are arranged between the wall pillars. The galleries have marbled balustrades and are accessible via two spiral staircases in the west end. The paintings in the organ gallery were probably made by Johann Michael Wild in 1762 and show King David with angels playing music.
Furnishing
The rich baroque furnishings consist of several splendid baroque altars. The high altar is a foundation of the Vienna businessman Johann Michael Niller († 1780). The elaborately designed column structure was created in 1780 by the Amberg sculptor Philipp Lutz and framed by Wolfgang Pösl in 1785. The altar panel shows the baptism of Christ, flanked by the side figures of Saints Zacharias and Elisabeth, above the archangels Michael and Gabriel, on top of all God the Father and the Holy Spirit.
The mighty side altars on the sides of the choir arch were made in 1762/1763 by Franz Xaver Schlott from Amberg and the Auerbach carpenter Rab. The frame, the altar leaves and the small pictures in the architectural parts were made by Johann Michael Wild in 1765–1768; the northern altar panel shows Maria Immaculata, the southern one the veneration of the most holy altar sacrament by the four continents.
The altar of the Anna chapel was created by Johann Michael Doser and Johann Thomas Wild in 1730. The altarpiece by Ludwig Seitz from 1861 shows the teaching of Maria by St. Anna.
The altars of the first two side chapels date from the years 1680/1690, the northern one shows an altar sheet of St. Joseph von Johann Karl from 1831, the southern one from the years 1720/1730 is decorated with foliage and banding and shows an altar sheet the crucifixion of Christ, probably by the same painter.
The four side chapels following in a westerly direction contain acanthus altars (a special form of altar design in the Upper Palatinate) by Johann Michael Doser with a version by Thomas Wild. This includes the Marian altar on the north side with a niche figure of the Mother of God in a wreath of moving acanthus vines enlivened by flowers and putti. On the opposite side, the altar with a niche figure of St. Sebastian is set up as a pendant; both altars date from around 1710.
The rear tufted altars from 1705 are designed in somewhat old-fashioned, heavy foliage forms. The northern altar is decorated with a figure of Saint Anne, the patron saint of miners, from around 1500, the southern one with a pathetic Baroque figure of Saint James.
The Saxon-influenced baptismal font with branch arches from 1525 is in the Anna chapel. Schlott's pulpit from 1762/1763 was taken by Wild in 1765/1768 and shows St. Paul on the sound cover.
The confessionals were also donated by Niller and date from the second half of the 18th century. The oratorios were painted in color by Pösl.
A carved Johannes bowl from around 1500 can be seen on the south wall of the choir. A crucifix from around 1520 is attached to the choir arch. About life-size figures of Saints Johann Baptist, Florian, Jakobus and Barbara von Doser from 1728 can be seen on the pillars. Next to the eastern side altars are figures of Saints Michael and Johann Nepomuk from around 1730, the original version of which was uncovered in 1978.
organ
The organ is a work (Opus 2252) by GF Steinmeyer & Co. from 1971 with 25 stops on two manuals and a pedal . A prospectus of an organ by Doser from 1755 based on a design by Johann Konrad Brandenstein from Stadtamhof was reused.
- Disposition of the Steinmeyer organ
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literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria V: Regensburg and the Upper Palatinate. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03118-0 , pp. 53–54.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved April 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Organists. Retrieved June 4, 2020 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 41 ′ 32.5 " N , 11 ° 37 ′ 51.3" E