St. Martini (Nordhausen)
The St. Martini Hospital Church in Nordhausen in the Nordhausen district below the Frauenberg Church was consecrated to St. Martin in 1390 . It stood southwest of the Rautentor between the old town wall and the Zorge . In 1808 the dilapidated tower had to be demolished, and in 1835 the church was demolished. Remains of the foundations of the church could still be seen until 1945.
history
On November 5, 1389, the St. Martini Hospital for lepers was founded by Johannes Segemund under the protection of the Frauenberg Monastery. He was already in 1355 councilman been and 1372 Council champion in Nordhausen and made together with his brother Simon Segemund for the needs of the hospital. On December 31, 1389, Rüdiger vom Hayn, commissioner of Archbishop Johann of Mainz , confirmed the establishment of the foundation in Erfurt. On October 30, 1390, the auxiliary bishop Herman consecrated the chapel, which had been completed that summer. Heinrich von Werther made a significant contribution to the financing of the building. On June 3, 1392, the two altars of the church were given by Pope Boniface IX. an indulgence. On April 1, 1394, the church was granted the right to be buried; after a ten-year dispute with the Frauenberg monastery, parish rights followed in 1399.
On July 3, 1428, the St. Georg Hospital was merged with the St. Martini Hospital. The provost of the Jechaburg monastery in Sondershausen issued the certificate of approval for the merger . The sick at St. Georg Hospital were transferred to St. Martini Hospital.
During the Seven Years' War the hospital came to a standstill. It became a hospital . In 1808 the dilapidated tower had to be demolished due to the risk of collapse. In the Wars of Liberation from 1813 to 1815, the art objects of the church were brought to safety in town houses and the spinning house. The church, which was in a bad structural condition, was used as a warehouse . In April 1835, the St. Martini Church was demolished. In the summer of 1836 the spinning house was sold.
Structural features of the church
- The church tower had a square base and, similar to the towers of the Church of St. Jakobi and the Petriturm , jutted up to the main helmet. At the corners of the tower were four side helmets with spherical attachments.
- The church had four vicarages . Heinrich von Dachröden, the provost of the Cistercian monastery in Frankenhausen , donated a vicarie at the main altar in 1390 , "in honor of the Holy Spirit, St. Martin and all saints".
Hospital building
- The mansion on the other side of the Zorge was originally the home of the brothers Simon and Hans Segemund and later the parish apartment and administration building. A corridor on the outside of a half-timbered house behind the manor house (probably built in 1556) led to a kind of pulpit. This was wrongly called "Luther pulpit", although there is no reference to Luther. The roof of the pulpit was supported by cut-out lugs and round wooden pillars. An elaborate spiral staircase led up to her. The mansion also had a trapezoidal room called the "Bear Chamber".
- The children's home was built as an orphanage in 1486. After the orphanage was built in Waisenstrasse in 1717, it lost its importance and was closed in 1728 and converted into a spinning house.
Works of art
- The crucifix was carved from wood and painted, it should have been very simple. To the left and right of it were also carved wooden figures of Maria and Johannes .
- A relief image of Saint Martin was in the great hall of the Segemund brothers' mansion. It was a carved figure. The relief image was attached to the wall and was next to the Segemund family coat of arms.
- A 2.30-meter-wide embroidered Gothic table rug from the first half of the 16th century was brought to the Cyriaci Chapel after the church was demolished , used as a carpet there and then transferred to the city museum. It consists of four square pieces of red and dark blue cloth, surrounded by a black border. Silk ornaments, tendril loops, coats of arms and dragons are embroidered in stem stitch.
- There are nine epitaphs in the form of brass plates from the end of the 14th century. They are dedicated to:
- 1. The brothers Simon († 141 […]) and Johannes Segemund († 1442),
- 2. Heinrich von Werther (1325–1 September 1397),
- 3. Hermann von Werther the Elder (1350–21 June 1395),
- 4. Katharina von Werther († April 23, 1397),
- 5. Heinrich Urbach the Elder († 1397),
- 6. Heinrich Urbach († October 4, 1394),
- 7. Hermann von Werther the Younger (cousin of 3rd, * 1390),
- 8. Jakob von Immenhausen († April 23, 1395) and
- 9. Heinrich Salemer (1320 mayor of Nordhausen, † November 19, 1396).
literature
- Eugen Duval: Nordhausen's medieval grave monuments . Nordhausen: Nordhäuser Section des Harzverein, Theodor Perschmann, 1880, pp. 7–41, digitized version on geschichtsportal-nordhausen.de
- Ernst Günther Förstemann: Directory of imperial royal documents in the Nordhäuser city archive. Bouquet of certificates. Nordhausen 1855, pp. 4-33
- Julius Schmidt: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the city of Nordhausen. Nordhausen 1887, pp. 190-193
- Hans Silberborth : History of the free imperial city of Nordhausen. In: The millennial Nordhausen. First volume. Nordhausen 1927, p. 563f.
- Walter Joedecke: Nordhausen together with Halberstadt. City of ecclesiastical reconstruction - historical and local history considerations by gardener Walter Joedecke from St. Blasii Petri zu Nordhausen. Nordhausen 1955–1966 (unpublished), pp. 188f., 316ff.
- Robert Treutler: Churches in Nordhausen - a foray into church life. Verlag Neukirchner, Nordhausen 1997, p. 48
Individual evidence
- ^ Certificate in the Nordhausen city archive on the Thuringia archive portal website
- ^ Certificate in the Nordhausen City Archives
- ↑ Foundation deed in Johann Friedrich Müldener: Merck-worthy historical news from the formerly very famous Cistercian nun closter St. Georgii in Franckenhausen in Thuringia, Leipzig, 1747, p. 104
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 48.1 ″ N , 10 ° 47 ′ 51 ″ E