St. Peter and Paul (Delitzsch)
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The Protestant town church St. Peter and Paul is a Gothic brick church in Delitzsch in the district of North Saxony in Saxony . It belongs to the Evangelical Parish of Delitzsch in the Torgau-Delitzsch parish of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany .
history
The Protestant town church Delitzsch is a Gothic, three-aisled, four-bay hall church from the 15th century. It was built from 1404 onwards, incorporating the lower floors of the west tower of a predecessor building possibly from the end of the 12th or beginning of the 13th century, from which a Romanesque arched frieze has been preserved on the west wall and inside the northern tower building.
This previous building was first mentioned in 1325 as St. Peters Church. The present church was consecrated in 1437 and was completed in 1491. Conrad Wilhelm Hase carried out a restoration in the years 1888–1890. The church is still strongly influenced by this restoration, which was guided by the desire to restore the medieval spatial impression with the technical and artistic means of the time. Medieval or later pieces of equipment that could not be subordinated to this concept were removed or used for other purposes. Just a few years later, conservation aspects were taken into account more strongly during restorations.
After a phase of prolonged neglect and the beginning of decay since the late 1950s, when renting the church as a large garage was even considered, repairs and restorations were carried out from 1963, 1982 and 1993-1998.
architecture
The church has a choir with a five-eighth end in the width of the central nave and a transverse rectangular west tower with a late Gothic portal made of sandstone. The tracery of the windows and the inner pillars are also made of sandstone. On the north and south sides of the hall there are chapels with five-eighth locks to the north and south, and the barrel-vaulted sacristy in the corner between the north side of the choir and the nave. The tower ends with two squat pointed helmets.
The southern chapel of the Apostles shows a robe portal made of brick with the sandstone figures of the church patrons Peter and Paul in the soft style around 1410/20. Below is the grave monument of Otto von Schidingen with the figure of a knight from 1476.
There are consoles and canopies on the buttresses of the choir . The associated figures may have been placed as apostles at the portal of the apostles chapel.
Between the two south-eastern buttresses, in a barred niche, there is a finely crafted mount of olives by master Hans von Leipzig from 1408, which was restored in 1985/89. It shows Jesus with the disciples Peter , John and James . This Mount of Olives group is a rare and at the same time probably the earliest example of the fully plastic representation of a Passion scene, before which special services were held on Maundy Thursday evening in the Middle Ages.
Inside, the hall church with a single-nave choir appears to be enlarged by the arrangement of the chapels, closed with star vaults, like transepts in the manner of a trikonchos . In the triumphal arch one is meander frieze painted. The choir and the central nave are closed with mesh vaults, the side aisles with star vaults. The ribs rest on consoles; the beginners' ribs are made as busts and adorned with coats of arms. The crossing points of the ribs are emphasized by paintings from the 15th century. In the center of the central nave vault is a highlighted sky hole . It is believed that Bohemian builders took over or at least influenced the execution of the vaults under the influence of the construction works of St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague. It is possible that some of the console busts mentioned are to be understood as self-portraits of the stonemasons or other building craftsmen.
Remains of wall paintings by Nikolaus Eisenberg have been preserved on the north wall of the central nave . These include the Assumption of St. Mary Magdalene and the Passion Cycle from 1463. In the west, a wooden gallery is mounted on massive supports, the parapet of which is structured with pointed arches.
Furnishing
altar
The main piece of equipment is the five-part winged altar with predella from 1492. The wooden retable was donated by his widow Gertrud Kropfheuser after the death of Mayor Anton Kropfheuser. In 1889 the pairs of wings were nailed together so that only the festival side could be seen. It was not until 2004 that the aged oil paintings and panel paintings from the 15th century could be exposed intact. Among other things, an original application of varnish from the late Gothic period and references to conceptual changes during the painting were found.
In the shrine, Mary and the child are shown flanked by Peter and Paul. The wings show a deacon and the saints Mauritius , Katharina and Margareta . The also late Gothic predella shows a carved representation of the birth of Christ. The essay with a representation of the crucified, the mother Mary and the favorite disciple Johannes as well as the sprinkling were added only in 1889.
Further equipment
The pulpit belongs to the Neo-Gothic style and dates from 1888–1890.
Several artistically significant epitaphs and tombstones complete the furnishings. Of these, the sandstone epitaph of the knight Friedemann von Selmenitz († 1576), created under Dutch influence, deserves special mention. It shows a flat three-storey structure with rich decor in the Floris style , which is structured with columns, pilasters and cranked beams and includes the gate to the sacristy. The family of the deceased is depicted in contemporary costume above a communion relief . On the side there are reliefs of the birth and the baptism of Christ , above there are reliefs of the Ascension of Christ and the Annunciation .
The epitaph of Heinrich von Pack († 1588) and his wife Sibylla von Gleissenthal († 1605) should also be mentioned, which was created in sandstone by Christoph Walther II and Andreas Walther III and stands on the east wall of the north aisle. In the high-quality main relief, it shows the deceased kneeling in prayer under a crucifix with side cheeks from which the half-length figures of Adam and Eve grow out. In the essay above the entablature the Lamentation of Christ is depicted in high relief, which is crowned by a triangular gable with the Salvator mundi and two putti, flanked by two virtuous personifications and two seated putti.
A bell from 1363 and two other bells cast in 1958 ring the bell.
A carved altar from 1515 and the pulpit from 1616 from this church are now in the Marienkirche.
organ
The organ with a rich neo-Gothic case is a work from 1890 by Wilhelm Rühlmann from Zörbig, the sound of which has been significantly changed. It was cleaned in 1999 and reconstructed from 2002.
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- Pair : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P, Sup II / I
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Saxony II. The administrative districts of Leipzig and Chemnitz. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-422-03048-4 , pp. 177-179.
- State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Saxony (ed.): The altar of the town church of St. Peter and Paul zu Delitzsch . 1st edition, Sax-Verlag Beucha, Markkleeberg 2010. ISBN 978-3-86729-061-6
- Walter May: City churches in Saxony / Anhalt. 1st edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1979, p. 199.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Alberto Schwarz: The history of the construction of the Delitzsch town church St. Peter and Paul and its building-related artistic jewelry up to the end of the 15th century. In: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony (ed.): The altar of the town church St. Peter and Paul zu Delitzsch . Sax-Verlag Beucha, Markkleeberg 2010. ISBN 978-3-86729-061-6 , pp. 16-34.
- ^ Diana Härtrich: The neo-Gothic restoration of the Delitzsch town church St. Peter and Paul 1889 to 1890 by Conrad Wilhelm Hase. In: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony (ed.): The altar of the town church St. Peter and Paul zu Delitzsch . Sax-Verlag Beucha, Markkleeberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-86729-061-6 , pp. 35-55.
- ↑ a b c d e Stephan Pecusa: Stadtkirche Sankt-Peter-und-Paul zu Delitzsch: Church leaders. (pdf; 5 MB) Delitzsch-online - District of North Saxony, April 29, 2009, accessed on March 10, 2018 .
- ^ Christine Kelm: An unusual altarpiece reconstruction - prehistory and result. In: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony (ed.): The altar of the town church St. Peter and Paul zu Delitzsch . 1st edition, Sax-Verlag Beucha, Markkleeberg 2010. ISBN 978-3-86729-061-6 , p. 6.
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 '23.3 " N , 12 ° 19' 57.2" E