St. Peter of Milan Brotherhood

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Peter of Milan in a representation from 1493, by Pedro Berruguete

The St. Peter of Milan Brotherhood is a craft community of Cologne brewers that has been recorded since 1396 . The brotherhood , also known as the "Cölner Brauer-Corporation", is one of the oldest still existing craft associations in Germany.

history

The Dominican preacher and inquisitor Peter of Milan - actually Peter of Verona - was canonized as a martyr by Pope Innocent IV in 1253, one year after his murder near Milan . There are indications that the Cologne brewers selected him as the patron of a community on the occasion of this canonization. The community was notarized and officially founded with the Verbundbrief dated September 14, 1396. This finally ended patrician rule in Cologne and replaced it with an estate constitution based on the 22 Cologne gaffs as political associations of guilds and citizens. The Cologne brewers were politically organized and represented in their own gaff. The brewers' guild was the form of organization for questions relating to craft and trade. The brotherhood, on the other hand, as a spiritually oriented community, was a visible expression of the common bond with the faith .

Originally the brotherhood had its spiritual center in the church of the Dominican monastery Heilig-Kreuz in the Stolkgasse. There a separate altar was dedicated to Peter of Milan, whose altarpiece, donated in 1475 by Emperor Friedrich III. showing an image of the saint. After the French dissolved the monastery in 1802 , the picture moved to the Church of St. Andrew , which is still the patronage church of the order today. Since 1895 there has been a chapel dedicated to Saint Peter of Milan, which the Brotherhood furnished with an altar, a glass window and a reliquary .

In 1797 the Cologne guilds were dissolved under French occupation. The St. Peter of Milan Brotherhood, renamed “Cölner Brauer-Cooperation”, survived this unscathed as the only craftsmen's association in Cologne. After the end of the French era , the brotherhood revived as a traditional and community care association. As is usual with church brotherhoods, the brotherhood is headed by a praeses like Wilhelm Scheben .

Act

While the gaff and guild of the Cologne brewers were regulators and representatives for technical, economic and political aspects and provided the framework for sociable contact, the brotherhood kept a religious background: the veneration of the patron saint Peter of Milan, intercession for living and memory of deceased members of the Brotherhood were at the center of their activities. On April 29th, the “St. Peter of Milan Day ”, a high mass was celebrated with a procession during which a statue of the saint was carried. Until 1741 the festival included a “brotherhood dinner”, which was then replaced by a cash payment of two Reichstalers.

The representatives of the modern Kölsch brewers still maintain the tradition of the brotherhood and celebrate the patronage festival in St. Andreas on April 29th. They also meet for sociable discussion groups and are active as donors - the Cologne brewers gave their patronage church a “ brewer's crib ” in 2001.

The interests of Kölsch brewers have been represented by the “Kölner Brauerei-Verband e. V. “, which historically refers to the tradition of the St. Peter of Milan Brotherhood.

Remarks

  1. ↑ To be found with Wilhelm Scheben: The guild of brewers in Cologne in their essence and work, together with the ancient rules and regulations renewed in 1603. the official letter renewed in 1497 , Cologne 1880
  2. ^ Mathar / Spiegel: Kölsche Bier- und Brauhäuser , p. 22
  3. ↑ Petrus of Milan and the Brotherhood on the website for the exhibition “600 Years of Kölsch Brewers”, archived copy ( memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.koelner-brauerei-verband.de
  4. ^ Mathar / Spiegel, p. 25

literature

  • Rudolf Spiegel, Franz Mathar: Cologne beer and breweries . Greven, Cologne 1989, ISBN 3774302480

Web links