Staphylinoidea

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Staphylinoidea
Red-necked Silphe (Oiceoptoma thoracicum)

Red-necked Silphe ( Oiceoptoma thoracicum )

Systematics
Superclass : Six-footed (Hexapoda)
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Beetle (Coleoptera)
Subordination : Polyphaga
Partial order : Staphyliniformia
Superfamily : Staphylinoidea
Scientific name
Staphylinoidea
Latreille , 1802
Moss speed predator ( Tachyporus hypnorum )

The Staphylinoidea are a superfamily of the Polyphaga from the order of the beetles (Coleoptera). They are represented worldwide and comprise seven families with more than 58,000 species. By far the most species-rich family of this group are the short-winged species (Staphylinidae) with more than 48,000 described species.

features

The delimitation of this superfamily is based on a concept by Hansen (1997) based on nine suspected autapomorphies : the pronotum is missing the ridge below the rear edge as a locking mechanism; on the ventral side of the elytra (elytra) lacks the medio-lateral connecting region (binding patch); the hind wings lack the apical hinge distal to the radial cell; the hind wings do not have a medial loop; the hind wings have only one wing vein in front of the "medial bar"; the basal part of the aedeagus is absent (membranous); In the larvae the tenth abdomen segment on the invertible anal lobe is covered with numerous fine teeth; the larvae do not have a frontoclypeal suture on the head and the urogomphi are trained, bipartite and mobile. It is also possible that the presence of only four instead of six Malpighian vessels is an autapomorphism, although the dwarf beetles (Ptiliidae) only have two.

Taxonomy and systematics

Some of the autapomorphies are doubtful - for example the lack of the frontoclypeal suture in the larvae, which is also missing in many other taxa, or the motile urogomphi, which also occur in the larvae of most species of the Adephaga , Hydrophiloidea and Histeroidea - the monophyly of the Staphylinoidea however, it is well founded, particularly because of the characteristics of the wings.

Within the superfamily there are two major kinship lines. The "ptiliide" line, the ptiliidae (Ptiliidae) and hydraenidae is (Hydraenidae), and justified by 12 autapomorphies, and the "staphylinide" line, the families of the rove beetles (Staphylinidae), carrion beetles (Silphidae) and scydmaenidae ( Scydmaenidae) and is based on at least 17 autapomorphies. As the relationships of these two groups to the remaining two families of sponge ball beetle (leiodidae) and Scheinaaskäfer represent (Agyrtidae) is not yet fully understood. Either the two families form a third line, the “leiodide” line, and are a sister group of the “staphylinid” line, or the sponge ball beetles are most closely related to the “ptiliiden” line and in turn form a sister group to the pseudo beetles.

The Staphylinoidea includes the following families:

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e Rolf G. Beutel, Richard AB Leschen: Handbuch der Zoologie - Coleoptera, Beetles, Volume 1: Morphology and Systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim) . 1st edition. de Gruyter , 2005, ISBN 3-11-017130-9 , p. 223 f . (English).
  2. AA Polilov (2005): Anatomy of the feather-winged beetles Acrotrichis montandoni and Ptilium myrmecophilum (Coleoptera, Ptiliidae). Entomological Review 85 (5): 467-475.

literature

  • Rolf G. Beutel, Richard AB Leschen: Handbuch der Zoologie - Coleoptera, Beetles, Volume 1: Morphology and Systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim) . 1st edition. de Gruyter , 2005, ISBN 3-11-017130-9 (English).

Web links

Commons : Hydrophiloidea  - collection of images, videos and audio files