Arnoldstein Abbey
The pin Arnold stone is a former convent of Benedictine (OSB) in Arnold stone in Carinthia .
history
Arnoldstein Castle
Arnoldstein Castle was first mentioned in a document in 1085/90. It got its name after its builder Arnold, who was probably a Bamberg ministerial , but is not mentioned in a document.
On the occasion of his coronation as emperor on February 10, 1014, Heinrich II had transferred properties in the area of today's market town Arnoldstein - among others in Carinthia - to the diocese of Bamberg, which was only founded in 1007 . Under the bishop of Bamberg Adalbero (1053-1057) the Eppenstein feudal people were the episcopal property. They did not give the property back to Adalbero's successor and fortified the transition to the Canal Valley with the construction of a castle in today's Arnoldstein. It was not until the turn of the century that Bishop Otto von Bamberg succeeded in returning the property to the diocese.
Arnoldstein Benedictine Monastery (1106–1783)
In order to protect the property from secular access from now on, Bishop Otto von Bamberg founded a Benedictine monastery on Arnoldstein in 1106. He had the castle razed and converted into convent buildings. He left the monastery in Huben as an economic base in 155 . The first recorded abbot was Ingram (1126). Until then, Arnoldstein seems to have been just a priory . In 1126 the cemetery of the monastery was also consecrated. The other few pieces of news about the Convention describe the problems with the governors. Since the lords of Ras, among others, abused their position of power as patrons, the Carinthian duke took over the bailiwick in 1176 .
Bad harvests, a locust invasion and finally the earthquake of January 25, 1348 , which resulted in a massive landslide of the Dobratsch , brought the monastery into economic difficulties. Due to the rock fall, properties of the monastery, the church and the village of St. Johann were buried. Despite the restorations, which are documented by documents up to 1391, the population fell, probably also under the influence of the Europe-wide plague epidemic . In 1391 the Patriarch of Aquileia gave the Hermagor parish to the monastery as compensation for the economic problems. Despite further donations, endowments and privileges, the convention was unable to pay off its debts. In the 15th century, the Arnoldstein monks had difficulties looking after the Hermagor parish, even a closed settlement could not resolve them. In the course of this dispute there was the first documented Carinthian witch trial in the district court Grünburg in 1465. In 1495 the abbot Christoph Jakob Fugger and his brothers allowed the construction of a Saigerhütte and a castle, from which the Fuggerau developed. Abbot Friedrich still complained in 1507 about the dilapidation and poverty of the monastery. During the Reformation in the 16th century, the monastery was on the verge of ruin. As a result of the princely Turkish taxes, neglect of pastoral duties and quarrels with nobles and subjects, the reputation of the monastery was weakened. Lutheran preachers occupied the monastery and Thörl , contrary to mandates from the Bamberg bishops, and sat in the neighboring castles. So in 1570 Abbot Peter entered into an obligation of 2500 guilders in installments in spite of all the clutches in order to (re) acquire the Fuggerau with all reasons and rights, since after the decline in mining, a transfer to the neighboring (Protestant?) Nobility was prevented wanted to.
In 1580 the Arnoldstein monastery did not have an abbot for a short time. According to a visitation report from the archpriest from 1594, the Franconian Johannes Pünlein, who was appointed that year, led a thoroughly secular life. He read mass once a year, had only one monk at his side, all of his staff were Protestant, the church had neither candles nor vestments, and the altar was not decorated. His successor, also a Franconian, Abbot Emerich Molitor could not fulfill the hopes of the diocese of Bamberg for re-Catholicization . The monastery suffered damage of around 60,000 guilders through embezzlement. In a bull by Archduke Ferdinand II of April 12, 1600, the monastery was to be attached to a Jesuit college established in St. Vitus . The Bishop of Bamberg was finally able to avert this through an assurance of contributions to the planned Jesuit college. After the free election of Abbot Daniel in 1630, the monastery flourished until the major fire in October 1642. In the following brief upswings of the monastery, investments were made in the building and equipment. With the dissolution of the Patriarchate of Aquileja and the sale of the Bamberg property to the Austrian state in 1759, the monastery was now directly under the control of the sovereign.
From the dissolution of the monastery until today
In 1782, Emperor Joseph II decided to abolish all Austrian monasteries that made no contribution to nursing or education for young people. Originally he wanted to abolish St. Paul Abbey in Lavanttal , but the court authorities convinced him that the abolition of Arnoldstein Monastery would cause less damage. On November 24th, 1783 the monastery was abolished by court decree. The abbot Otto von Großering and the 18 fathers were given the option of moving to another monastery or joining the world clergy. The foundation's assets and the realities passed into the state administration. The monastery library was transferred to what is now the Klagenfurt University Library (Klagenfurt Study Library until 1971). Part of the monastery archive went to the History Association for Carinthia and is now in the Carinthian State Archive in Klagenfurt. The rooms of the monastery were now used by the state property administration, some tenants and, until 1854, the primary school with teachers' apartments. With the administrative reforms of 1848, the former monastery served the k. k. Forest administration , the district court with tax and land registry offices, the notary's office and the office of the Arnoldstein community as accommodation. On August 16, 1883, a fire destroyed the roofs and wooden ceilings of the building. However, since they were not prepared to raise funds for the restoration, the monastery has been in ruins since then.
In the course of the acquisition of the monastery grounds by the community on May 14, 1980, the Arnoldstein Monastery Ruin Revitalization Association was founded.
Building description
The monastery church of St. George was first mentioned in a document in 1316. The choir, some buttresses and the tower with the west portal can still be seen.
The monastery buildings, erected in the Gothic style and in the 17th century, were arranged in an oval around the church. The previous find inventory comes mainly from the 16th and 17th centuries. The baroque gates are labeled with the years 1677 and 1718.
literature
- Wilhelm Deuer: The Arnoldstein monastery ruins. Revitalization Association of Arnoldstein Monastery Ruins, Arnoldstein 2006, without ISBN
- Gernot Rader: Villach Stories - Part 2. Santicum Medien GmbH, 2010, Villach, p. 20 f.
Web links
proof
- Wilhelm Deuer: Castles and palaces in Carinthia . Verlag Johannes Heyn, Klagenfurt 2008, ISBN 978-3-7084-0307-6 , pp. 207-209.
- Anton Kreuzer : The monasteries and monasteries of Carinthia . Carinthia Verlag, Klagenfurt 1986, ISBN 3-85378-242-6 , pp. 71-76.
- Arnoldstein monastery ruins
- List of abbots until 1688 ( Valvasor ): 1126–1544 & 1544–1688
- ↑ a b Kreuzer 1986, p. 71
- ^ Chronicle of lead and zinc mining in relation to the Bleiberger Bergwerk Union. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 12, 2017 ; Retrieved July 15, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Götz von Pölnitz: Jakob Fugger, Volume 2. P. 37 , accessed on July 15, 2010 .
Coordinates: 46 ° 32 ′ 55 " N , 13 ° 42 ′ 34" E