Collegiate Church of St. Cyriakus (Frose)

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Collegiate Church of St. Cyriakus (Frose)

The Protestant collegiate church Frose is a Romanesque church in the district of Frose of the municipality of Seeland in Saxony-Anhalt . It belongs to the Evangelical parish of Frose in the Ballenstedt parish of the Evangelical Church of Anhalt and has the patronage of St. Cyriakus . The Frose Collegiate Church is a stop on the Romanesque Road .

history

As early as the 9th century, a monastery or monastery was possibly founded in Frose by King Ludwig the German . In 936, Vrosa was named again in a document from King Otto I and in 950 it was handed over to Margrave Gero . The latter converted it into a canonical monastery around 960/61 and incorporated it as a provost in his newly founded Gernrode monastery . It thus lost its formal independence.

In 1446 a large wetland area north of Frose was filled with water by the Halberstadt bishop, as a result of which the provost office lost large areas of land. After more than 50 years of litigation, Frose ultimately waived his claims. In 1511 the last two canonesses left the provost's office.

In 1515 and 1516 Thomas Müntzer was provost in Frose. With the introduction of the Reformation in 1544, the former collegiate church was converted into a Protestant parish church.

Building history

Central nave

The collegiate church was erected around 1170 as a flat-roofed basilica with a Saxon pillar change in place of a foundation building documented by excavations . It has a two-tower west building and semicircular apses on the transept arms and the choir . In the 13th century changes were made to the west building and the choir.

After damage, restoration work was carried out in the 18th century; the transept arms were changed into aisle parts and the side apses were torn down. The upper storey received rectangular windows. During a restoration carried out in the 19th century, the side aisles were rebuilt and the side apses added. Extensive repair work has been carried out since 1991.

architecture

View of the gallery in the west building

The squat columns in the nave stand on high bases. Six of the eight column capitals are designed as cube capitals. The capitals on the south side show profiled shields, on those on the north side there are finely drawn palmettes . Another two palmette capitals on the north side appear rigid and block-like. The fighter plates are partly designed with fillet profiles , partly also in a bead shape with a checkerboard pattern. On the striker of the last eastern column on the north side there is a palmette frieze, which is continued up to the following pillars. The arcade zone is closed off by a profiled strip made of round rod and plate.

The strict and block-like western building has no entrance. Between the towers on the ground floor there is a hall covered with two groin vaults, which was originally open to the nave; Above it is a barrel-vaulted gallery with openings to the central nave, which are richly structured by inserted columns and blind arches.

On the outside of the bell storey of the intermediate building there are three two-part round-arched sound openings , the set columns of which already show early Gothic forms, as do those of the arcades on the upper floors of the tower.

Furnishing

The uniform neo-Romanesque furnishings were created in 1892. The furnishings include the altar, a pulpit, a baptismal font and stained glass . The organ by the organ builder Ernst Röver from 1900 has been outsourced since 2007. Since then, the gallery openings in the tower have been visible again.

literature

  • Rüdiger Kempe, Kurt Engmann: The collegiate church Frose St. Stephanus St. Sebastian St. Cyriacus. ed. by ARGE 1075 on the occasion of the 1075 anniversary in 2011. Frose 2011.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Saxony Anhalt I. District of Magdeburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 , pp. 226–227.
  • Horst Scholke: Romanesque architecture on the Harz. EA Seemann Verlag, Leipzig 1987, ISBN 3-363-00064-2 .

Web links

Commons : Collegiate Church of St. Cyriakus (Frose)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Copy of an undated document supposedly from King Ludwig, German translation in Gerlinde Schlenker : The Ballenstedt Monastery - house monastery of the early Counts of Anhalt. In: Harz-Zeitschrift . Lukas Verlag Berlin 2012. p. 24 note 7
  2. ↑ For the establishment of the Quedlinburg 24 were familias impaired Slavic from Vrosa assured in Theodor sickles (ed.): Diplomata 12: The documents Konrad I, Henry I. I. and Otto (Conradi I., I. et Heinrici Ottonis I. Diplomata). Hanover 1879, pp. 89–90 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version ) No. 1.
  3. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community in Frose. Retrieved July 4, 2017 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 47 ′ 44.9 "  N , 11 ° 22 ′ 47.6"  E