Stokely Carmichael

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Stokely Charmichael (1960)

Stokely Carmichael (born June 29, 1941 in Port of Spain , Trinidad and Tobago , † November 15, 1998 in Conakry , Guinea ; also Kwame Toure ) was an American civil rights activist .

Life

Carmichael grew up in Port of Spain. At the age of eleven, his parents, who had left him with his grandparents when they emigrated to the USA, brought him to their place in New York City .

In New York, Carmichael took part in demonstrations against racial segregation in the southern states from 1961 . From 1966 to the end of 1967 he was chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and spoke in this capacity at the Latin American Solidarity Conference ( OLAS Conference ) in Havana, which made him known worldwide. In his writing Black Power (1967) he coined and defined the term institutional racism for the first time .

After the murder of Martin Luther King in 1968 , the principle of non-violence had failed for him . He called for guerrilla warfare . In 1968 he became a leading member of the Black Panther Party , which he soon left again because he understood " Black Power " to mean the unification of all blacks regardless of their class against white America.

Together with the jazz singer Miriam Makeba , whom he married in 1968, he emigrated to Guinea , where he took the name Kwame Ture - in honor of Kwame Nkrumah , who led Ghana's independence from Great Britain, and Sékou Tourés , who led a similar one in Guinea Had played role when President Carmichael and Makeba invited to live in Guinea. Until his death he was a member of the pan-African All-African People's Revolutionary Party founded by Nkrumah .

Carmichael died of prostate cancer .

literature

  • St. Carmichael: The Third World, Our World. Theses on the Black Revolution . Voltaire -flugschrift 20. Berlin 1969
  • St. Carmichael, Ekwueme Michael Thelwell & John Edgar Wideman (inlet): Ready for Revolution. The Life and Struggles of Stokely Carmichael (Kwame Ture) . Scribner, NY 2005, ISBN 0-684-85004-4
  • Clayborne Carson: Times of Struggle. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Awakening of African American Resistance in the 1960s. Graswurzelrevolution, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-9806353-6-8
  • St. Carmichael & Charles Vernon Hamilton : Black Power. The Politics of Liberation in America. Hans E. Günther, Stuttgart 1968; again Fischer TB, Frankfurt 1969
  • VH Brandes & Joyce Burke: Now! The black uprising . Trikont, Munich 1968

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Political scientist, * 1929; as an author always "Charles V. Hamilton". [1]
  2. ^ First Engl .: Random House, NY 1967
  3. ^ Texts by James Forman , St. C., Daniel Guérin , H. Rap ​​Brown
personal data
SURNAME Carmichael, Stokely
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Toure, Kwame
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American civil rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH June 29, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Port of Spain , Trinidad and Tobago
DATE OF DEATH November 15, 1998
Place of death Conakry , Guinea