Stolothrissa tanganicae

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Stolothrissa tanganicae
Systematics
Order : Herring-like (Clupeiformes)
Subordination : Clupeoidei
Family : Herring (Clupeidae)
Subfamily : Dorosomatinae
Genre : Stolothrissa
Type : Stolothrissa tanganicae
Scientific name of the  genus
Stolothrissa
Regan , 1917
Scientific name of the  species
Stolothrissa tanganicae
Regan, 1917

The Tanganika herring ( Stolothrissa tanganicae ; also: Tanganika-Sardine , kapenta ) lives in the East African Tanganyika , as well as in the Lukuga , the outflow of the Tanganyika to the Congo . It is the only species in its genus. In addition to it, there is a second endemic herring , the Lake Tanganyika sardine . Apart from these two herrings, there are only a few other pelagic fish species that live in the open water.

Surname

The generic name Stolothrissa is made up of the Greek terms: "stola" = coat and "thrissa", -es = mackerel

features

The Kapenta has the typical, laterally flattened, slightly higher back shape of the freshwater herrings and is up to 10 cm long and approx. The dorsal fins have 12-18 soft rays; the anal fins 16-27 soft fin rays. The scale at the base of the pelvic fins is only slightly keeled and begins after the pectoral fins are attached. The snout is narrow and appears concave when viewed from above. The maxillary is about 2.25 times as long as its shaft. The second supramaxillary bone is diamond-shaped or more or less rhombic . The lower gill rakes are long and slender. The fish have a silver stripe on their flanks.

habitat

Stolothrissa tanganicae lives in the open water of Lake Tanganyika and forms very large schools that can be several kilometers long. They are the most numerous fish in Lake Tanganyika. The juveniles under 5 cm stay closer to the bank than the adults and stay under 60 m depth during the day, while at night they rise to 8-15 m. The animals feed on plankton. They become sexually mature from a length of 6 cm and spawn more or less all year round, with the main spawning season being in May and June as well as December and January. The adults come to the banks to spawn. The females lay between 10,000 and 25,000 eggs. The eggs will slowly sink. Although the species is heavily fished, it is not currently threatened.

use

The "jacketed mackerel" is fished heavily from a length of 3 cm.

supporting documents

  1. ^ Sven O. Kullander and Tyson R. Roberts: Out of Lake Tanganyika: endemic lake fishes inhabit rapids of the Lukuga River. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 22, No. December 4, 2011 © 2011 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, Germany - ISSN  0936-9902
  2. ^ P. Romero: An etymological dictionary of taxonomy. Madrid 2002.
  3. ↑ Stolothrissa tanganicae on Fishbase.org (English).
  4. ^ Nyanza Annual Report.

literature

  • G. Ntakimazi: Stolothrissa tanganicae . 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2005.
  • PJP Whitehead: FAO Species Catalog. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalog of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125 (7/1): 1-303. Rome: FAO. 1985.

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