Toyohashi tram

Toyohashi tram
single-track stump end point in front of the station
Basic information
Country	Japan
city	Toyohashi
opening	1925
operator	Toyohashi Tetsudo
Infrastructure
Route length	5.4 km
Formerly the largest route	7.1 km
Gauge	1067 mm ( cape track )
Power system	600 V = overhead line
Operating mode	Bidirectional operation
Stops	14th
Depots	1
business
Lines	3
Clock in the peak hours	5-7 min
current network plan

The tram Toyohashi is the tram network of Toyohashi on the island of Honshu in Japan . It is operated by the private railway company Toyohashi Tetsudō ( Japanese 豊 橋 鉄 道 ), a company of the Meitetsu Group . The first line was opened in 1925. Today the route network is 5.4 km long and consists of one more line, the Azumada main line ( 東 田 本 線 Azumada-honsen ), which branches into two short branches at the eastern end.

description

The entire route network is flush with the road and in Cape gauge (1067 mm). The western terminus Eki-mae ( 駅 前 ) is in the square in front of Toyohashi Station and the neighboring Shin-Toyohashi Station . At the single-track stump end point you can get on and off on both sides. The double-track section begins immediately afterwards. This crosses the city center first in an easterly, then in a northerly direction. At the intersection of National Road 1 and Prefecture Road 359, the route turns again to the east. After a little more than four kilometers, it branches into two short, single-track branches at the Ihara stop ( 井 原 ): the eastern one leads to Akaiwaguchi ( 赤 岩 口 ), the southern one to Undōkōen-mae ( 運動 公園 前 ).

During the day, the trams on the main route run every seven minutes, on the two outer branches alternating every 14 minutes. During rush hour there is a shortened line every 5 minutes between the Eki-mae and Ihara stops . At the station there are transfer options to the trains of JR Central and Nagoya Tetsudō as well as to the Atsumi line operated by Toyohashi Tetsudō .

history

Network development (continuous = existing, interrupted = shut down)

On March 17, 1924, the private tram company Toyohashi denki kidō ( 豊 橋 電 気 軌道 ) was founded. On July 14, 1925, this started operating the first sections from the train station (Eki-mae) to Fudagi ( 札 木 ) and Yagyubashi ( 柳生 橋 ). While the south branch had reached its maximum extent, the main line was extended twice in the same year - first from Fudagi to Higashihatchō ( 東 八 町 ), then from Higashihatchō to Azumada ( 東 田 ). In September 1939, the Nagoya Tetsudō railway company acquired the company. that was now part of the Meitetsu group .

An American area bombing on June 19 and 20, 1945 destroyed large parts of the city. Tram operations could be resumed on a short section on July 8, the complete reconstruction was completed on February 13, 1946. The company changed its name to Toyohashi kōtsū ( 豊 橋 交通 ) on September 1, 1949 . In 1950/51 it carried out various route relocations and double-track extensions. There were also two short extensions, on September 17, 1950 double track from Azumada to Keirinjō-mae ( 競 輪 場 前 ) and on October 5, 1952 single track from the train station to the city hospital. Together with the Atsumi line to the western suburbs, the tram was restructured on July 22, 1954 within the Meitetsu group to the new company Toyohashi Tetsudō.

This company opened on June 1, 1960 an extension of the main line from Keirinjō-mae by 1.2 km to Akaiwaguchi. Following the trend in other Japanese cities at the time, it also closed sections of the route: on May 15, 1969, the section to the city hospital, which had only opened 16 years earlier, and on March 7, 1976, the south branch to Yagyubashi. This left only the route known as the Azumada main line. Instead of shutting it down as well, Toyohashi Tetsudō decided to undertake a comprehensive modernization. She opened on July 31, 1982 a 600 m long branch line from Iraha to Undōkōen-mae. The last change in February 1998 was the relocation of the terminus at the train station by 150 meters directly in front of the reception building.

vehicles

The fleet currently (2019) consists of four different series.

• A single copy of the T1000 series, a three-part, completely low-floor articulated wagon with the designation “HotTram” ( ほ っ ト ラ ム ), has been in use since 2008 .
• The Mo800 series has three examples. These partially low-floor single wagons come from Nippon Sharyō and were used on the Gifu tram, which has now been closed . One car came to Toyohashi in 2005, the other two had meanwhile been loaned to the Fukui – Echizen tram and were also brought here in March 2019.
• Seven units of the Mo780 series were also taken over from Gifu in 2005. These are high-floor single wagons made by Nippon Sharyō and built in 1997.
• In 1992 and 2000, the Toyohashi tram acquired two high-floor single wagons of the Mo3500 series from the Tokyo Prefecture Traffic Office, which were previously in use on the Toden-Arakawa line . They were built by Aruna Kōki between 1953 and 1956. To be able to use them here, they first had to be adapted to the narrower track width.
• Three high-floor single cars of the Mo3200 series (formerly Mo580), which had been built by Nippon Sharyō for the Gifu tram in 1955/56, came to Toyohashi in 1976. Car no. 3203 is now in operation as a special snack car ( お で ん し ゃ , Odensha ).

photos

• 

  T1000 series low-floor articulated multiple unit

• 

  Low-floor single car of the Mo800 series

• 

  High-floor single car of the Mo780 series

• 

  High-floor single car of the Mo3500 series

• 

  "Odensha" in the main street

• 

  Akaiwaguchi Depot

literature

• Keisuke Imao: 日本 鉄 道 旅行 地 図 帳 (Japan Rail Travel Atlas ) . tape 7 Tōkai. Shinchosha, Tokyo 2008, ISBN 978-4-10-790025-8 .
• Yasuo Wakuda: 私 鉄 史 ハ ン ド ブ ッ ク . Denkisha kenkyūkai, Chiyoda 1993, ISBN 4-88548-065-5 .

Web links

Commons : Tram Toyohashi  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Toyohashi Tetsudō website (Japanese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 地方 鉄 道 及 軌道 一 覧. 昭和 18 年 4 月 1 日 現在. National Parliamentary Library , April 1, 1943, accessed April 20, 2019 (Japanese). 
2. ↑ 2009 年 ブ ル ー リ ボ ン ・ ロ ー レ ル 賞 選定 車 両. Japan Railfan Club, 2009, accessed April 20, 2019 (Japanese). 
3. ↑ 名 鉄 ・ 豊 鉄 路面 電車 の わ だ い . In: Tetsudō Pikutoriaru . tape 55 , no. 8 . Denkisha kenkyūkai, Chiyoda August 2005, p. 91 .
4. ↑ 【豊 橋 鉄 道】 元 名 鉄 モ 800 形 が 移 籍. Tetsudō Hobidas, March 9, 2019, accessed April 20, 2019 (Japanese). 
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Tomoyuki Uchiyama: 日本 の 路面 電車 各 社 局 現 況 豊 橋 橋 道 道 東 田 本 線 . In: Tetsudō Pikutoriaru . tape 61 , no. 8 . Denkisha kenkyūkai, Chiyoda August 2011, p. 175-180 .