Beach mugwort
| Beach mugwort | ||||||||||||
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Beach mugwort ( Artemisia maritima ) |
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| Artemisia maritima | ||||||||||||
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The beach wormwood ( Artemisia maritima ) is a plant from the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae).
description
The beach mugwort is an evergreen, biennial plant , becomes 20 to 80 centimeters tall and flowers in autumn between September and October; it gives off a strong aromatic smell. The leaves are provided with small white or gray, felty hairs on both sides. The lower leaves are pinnate two to three times, the upper leaves are only single pinnate, the leaf tips are linearly shaped and at most 1.5 millimeters wide.
The single flowers are in a spread out panicle total inflorescence on mostly bent branches. The egg-shaped flower head is about 1 to 2 millimeters wide in diameter, the base of the head is not hairy. The bracts are gray-tomentose. The tiny tubular flowers are colored yellow.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18 or 54.
Occurrence
Its distribution is limited to littoral , coastal areas of Europe, but inland stocks are extremely rare in Germany. The total occurrences range from the United Kingdom and Ireland via France to Norway . It colonizes saline bank areas of the coasts, but also occurs on alternately moist to wet salt lawns. It has its main occurrence in salt plant corridors. It is the identification species of the plant association Artemisietum maritimae from the association Armerion maritimae.
ecology
The plant is relatively drought-tolerant ( scleromorphic ). Its flowers are pollinated by short-nosed insects , and self-pollination can also occur. The small fruits are mostly spread out by the wind.
Taxonomy and systematics
Artemisia maritima was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , Volume 2, page 846, first published . Synonyms for Artemisia maritima are Artemisia pseudogallica (Rouy) AWHill , Artemisia salina Willd. and Seriphidium maritimum (L.) Poljakov .
One can distinguish the following subspecies:
- Artemisia maritima L. subsp. maritima : It occurs in France, Ireland, Great Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Norway and Sweden.
- Artemisia maritima subsp. humifusa (C. Hartm.) KM Perss. : It occurs in Sweden and Estonia and was introduced to Russia.
Common names
In German-speaking countries, the common names Aschenblatt, Flohkrud ( Borkum ), Wurmbiöd ( Wangeroog ) and Unser Frauen Weissrauch are or were used for this plant species, sometimes only regionally .
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literature
- Erich Götz: Identify plants with the computer. 2001, ISBN 3-8252-8168-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 945 .
- ↑ a b GRIN Taxonomy for Plants. Artemisia maritima L. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area, accessed December 23, 2011 .
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . tape 2 . Stockholm 1753, p. 846 ( First online publication of Artemisia maritima scanned at Biodiversity Heritage Library ).
- ↑ a b c d Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Artemisia maritima In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 44, online.
Web links
- Beach mugwort. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Beach mugwort . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Thomas Meyer: Mugwort data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )