Structure plan for education

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With the structural plan for the education system , de Deutsche Bildungsrat (Education Commission) presented a long-term perspective for the entire federal German education system on February 13, 1970 , the topics of which determine education policy to the present day. Almost all areas of the education system with the exception of the university were examined. The document is a testimony to the mood of optimism in educational policy that has determined the West German debate after the student unrest in 1968 and with the social-liberal coalition since 1969. Much of the content of the plan was included in the 1973 “ Overall Education Plan ”.

Central content

The pre-school sector should be expanded: All public and private kindergartens should complement the upbringing in the family as a compensatory measure. Preschool classes and entrance levels for five-year-olds should lead to systematic learning in elementary school . This should represent an important building block for equal opportunities .

In primary school, individualization and didactic differentiation, science-based teaching and compensatory education should be introduced in addition to the established principles of child-friendly and vividness . The subject matter course should provide beginnings in the social and natural sciences. Discovery learning , cooperative work and problem-solving thinking should be encouraged. The integration of handicapped children in regular classes was largely provided for in a follow-up recommendation to the structure plan.

The recommendations for the lower secondary level were politically explosive : The controversial comprehensive schools should be introduced as school trials. The curricula of the different school types should be approximated, school centers should be set up and the compulsory schooling should be extended to ten years.

The upper secondary level should also change significantly. A gradual dovetailing of high school education with vocational training was recommended, and the dual qualification of higher education entrance qualification and vocational qualification was also considered. The upper level of the Gymnasium should be converted into a system of compulsory and elective courses in order to enable individual focuses.

Learning objective levels

The four learning target levels that the psychologist Heinrich Roth differentiated in the structure plan (Chapter 5) had a major aftereffect in didactics :

  • Reproduction : Reproduction and description of facts from a defined area and in the learned context as well as the reproductive use of learned and practiced work techniques and methods,
  • Reorganization : processing of known issues by linking knowledge, skills and abilities,
  • Transfer : Applying learned content and methods to other, new issues,
  • Problem solving / reflection : Reflective handling of new problems, the methods used and knowledge gained in order to come to conclusions and assessments.

Up to the present day they structure the lessons as didactic requirement areas in the classroom, through which the EPA are determined by the KMK and which influence all school types beyond the upper secondary level .

literature

  • German Education Council. Recommendations of the education commission. Structure plan for education. , Bad Godesberg: German Education Council, 1970
  • Oskar Anweiler u. a .: Educational policy in Germany 1945-1990 , a historical-comparative source volume , Federal Center for Political Education, Bonn 1992 ISBN 3893311378
  • Kai S. Cortina, Jürgen Baumert , Achim Leschinsky , Karl Ulrich Mayer : The education system in the Federal Republic of Germany. Structures and developments at a glance . Rowohlt paperback books, November 2005 ISBN 3-499-61122-8

Single receipts

  1. ↑ 1945 to the present. The Federal Republic of Germany . In: C. Führ / C.-L. Furck (Hrsg.): Handbook of the German history of education . tape VI / 1 . CH Beck, 1987, ISBN 978-3-406-32468-0 ( google.de [accessed on June 6, 2020]).
  2. ↑ Structure plan , table of contents. German Education Council, accessed on June 6, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Joachim Rohlfes: History and its didactics . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2010, ISBN 978-3-525-36007-1 ( google.de [accessed on June 6, 2020]).
  4. ↑ Operator catalog. November 18, 2016, accessed June 6, 2020 .