Synagogue (Ernsbach)

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Synagogue in Ernsbach (photo from 1932 at the Baden-Württemberg State Archives )

The synagogue in Ernsbach , a district of Forchtenberg in Hohenlohekreis in northern Baden-Württemberg , was a synagogue of the Jewish community of Ernsbach.

Jewish community of Ernsbach

In 1675, for the first time, five Jewish families were accepted into the village of Ernsbach, which at that time belonged to the Counts of Hohenlohe . The community expanded relatively quickly and reached its greatest strength around 1844 with 233 people in 40 families. From 1832 she belonged to the Braunsbach district rabbinate . From the second half of the 19th century, the number of Jewish residents in Ernsbach decreased. In 1900 there were 179, in 1933 there were only two residents of Jewish faith in Ernsbach. They died before the deportations during the Third Reich . From 1925 there was no longer a Jewish community in Ernsbach.

The school of the Jewish community last had only two students and was closed in 1907. It was located on the property at Sindringer Strasse 19; the building no longer exists. There was a mikveh in the synagogue , the dead of the community were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Berlichingen . Samuel Kocherthaler, who came from Ernsbach, bequeathed the Ernsbach town hall at Sindringer Straße 30. A plaque on this building commemorates the director of the Berlin discount company who died in 1907.

Synagogue buildings

The copper hammer building housed the first prayer room and school room from 1711. A stone synagogue was built around 1770. The teacher's apartment and a classroom were attached. The building next to the stove was constantly threatened by moisture and the risk of flooding. In 1784 the classroom was flooded when a sudden flood occurred. One child could not be saved and drowned in school. Despite this accident, it was not possible to move into another building due to lack of funds.

In the period before 1835, at least the cantor moved into another apartment. After the authorities repeatedly complained about the unreasonable conditions in the old school building, the community had to set up a new school in 1836/37. She received a state grant of 350 guilders towards the construction costs . However, the synagogue remained at its old location at that time. In 1840, a correspondent for the Israelitische Annalen, on the occasion of the award of the teacher Löwenthal with a synodal bonus - which was actually only awarded to Protestant schoolmasters - pointed out that a new synagogue was pending and appealed to the state to grant support. In 1853, the Braunsbach rabbi complained that the dilapidated building did "not give the visitor the impression of being built, but of being destroyed". Thereupon the Öhringen government councilor Knauf made himself an idea of ​​the situation. In doing so, he discovered a deep crack in a side wall. A structural review was initiated and finally a new building was decided.

The plans of the builder Dillenius from Weinsberg were approved in 1854 and in 1855 the new synagogue was built on the spot where the old one had stood. The new building cost 3484 guilders, of which 534 guilders were raised through the sale of the demolition material from the previous building. The state contributed 475 guilders, the remainder had to be paid by the municipality. The synagogue bore the inscription in Hebrew above its entrance portal between two arched windows : "This is the gate to eternity, righteous people enter through it" (Psalm 118:20). After the dissolution of the Ernsbach Jewish community, the synagogue was sold in 1925. The building served at times as a fire station and was later converted into a residential building with a hairdresser on the ground floor. A sign has been attached to the former Ernsbach synagogue since 1992. Around 2004 the synagogue was supposed to be renovated by the city of Forchtenberg. The building is now for sale.

literature

Web links

Commons : Synagogue  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Israelite annals. A Centralblatt for the history, literature and culture of the Israelites of all times and countries , Frankfurt 1840, p. 104 ( p. 104 in the Google book search)
  2. ↑ quoted from Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogen in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 2: Places and facilities , Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 , p. 126
  3. ^ Hagen Stegmüller: More money for the center of Ernsbach . In: Voice.de, December 30, 2004
  4. ^ Sales offer of the city of Forchtenberg

Coordinates: 49 ° 17 '27.9 "  N , 9 ° 30' 49.8"  E