Synagogue (Hennweiler)

Hennweiler synagogue
place	Hennweiler
architect	Johann Böres
Construction year	1896
demolition	1951
Coordinates	49 ° 49 '12.8 "  N , 7 ° 26' 5.2"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 49 '12.8 "  N , 7 ° 26' 5.2"  E

The synagogue in Hennweiler was built in 1896 at Obergasse 29. The synagogue was devastated during the November pogroms in 1938 . In 1939 the municipality took over the building, which was used for various purposes until 1945. In 1951 the synagogue was sold to a private individual and demolished.

synagogue

A first prayer room in Hennweiler is mentioned in 1749. The building was completely destroyed in a fire in 1781. Since the building in which the subsequent prayer room was located was dilapidated in 1895, it was decided to build a new synagogue at Obergasse 29. The synagogue was inaugurated in 1896. The quarry stone building had three arched windows on the entrance side. During the November pogroms in 1938, the interior was devastated and the Torah scrolls , books and writings on the forecourt were burned. At the beginning of 1939 there was a forced sale to the Hennweiler community. In the period that followed until 1945, the former synagogue was used as an ammunition store and gym. In 1951 the building was sold to a private individual and demolished.

Jewish community of Hennweiler

Jews living in the Hennweiler area were named as early as 1680. They were protective Jews of the Barons von Warsberg and liable to pay taxes to them. The number of members of the Jewish community increased until around the middle of the 19th century. The Jewish community had a mikveh and a religious school. At times, a separate religion teacher was employed, who also performed the duties of prayer leader and shochet . The deceased were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Hennweiler. From the middle of the 19th century, the number of Jewish residents continued to decline. From 1895 the members of the neighboring Jewish community Bruschied belonged to Hennweiler. From 1933, after the seizure of power of Adolf Hitler , the Jewish inhabitants were increasingly disenfranchised. In addition, there were repeated anti-Jewish actions. As a result, more Jewish residents left Hennweiler. After the November pogroms in 1938, four Jewish families were still living in Hennweiler, who left the place in the summer of 1939. The last four Jewish residents of Bruschied were deported in 1942.

Development of the Jewish population

year	Jews	Jewish families	comment
1750		4th
1805	20th
1840	70
1860	50
1895	58		Hennweiler and Bruschied (from 1895 Hennweiler and Bruschied form a Jewish community)
1924/25	36
1933	30th

Source: alemannia-judaica.de; jewische-gemeinden.de

The memorial book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 and the Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims of Yad Vashem list 30 members of the Hennweiler Jewish community (who were born there or lived there temporarily) who were during the time of National Socialism were murdered.

literature

• Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate , State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 181-182.
• Hans-Werner Ziemer: Research on the history of the Jewish community in Hennweiler . In: SACHOR. Contributions to Jewish history and memorial work in Rhineland-Palatinate (= SACHOR. Contributions to Jewish history and memorial work in Rhineland-Palatinate. Issue 1/1992). Verlag Matthias Ess, 1992, pp. 34-39.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Hennweiler with Bruschied and Schneppenbach . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Hennweiler (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
3. ↑ Prayer house of the Jewish community in Hennweiler with Bruschied and Schneppenbach . kuladig.de. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
4. ↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
5. ^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved May 11, 2020.