Synagogue (Lambsheim)
| synagogue | ||
|---|---|---|
 Main street with synagogue in Lambsheim (postcard before 1917) |
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| Data | ||
| place | Lambsheim | |
| Construction year | before 1705 | |
| demolition | 1957 | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 30 '48.3 " N , 8 ° 17' 14" E | |
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The synagogue in Lambsheim , a community in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate , was built before 1705, desecrated in 1938 and demolished by 1957. The synagogue was at 43 Hauptstrasse.
history
Lambsheim was one of the oldest and largest Jewish communities in the Electoral Palatinate on the left bank of the Rhine . Documents prove their existence as early as the 14th century. In the middle of the 18th century the place counted 34 Jews, while their settlement in Frankenthal , also in the Electoral Palatinate , was limited. In the Bavarian period from 1816 their number rose rapidly. At times the Jewish community was larger than that in Frankenthal. The climax was reached in 1848 with 36 families and 184 members. By 1880, however, almost 100 people had left Lambsheim. Points of attraction were the city of Frankenthal and Ludwigshafen am Rhein , which received city rights in 1859. The Jewish community also included Eppstein , Flomersheim , Maxdorf and, since 1900, Weisenheim am Sand .
As early as 1705, the school and synagogue, "located next to the town hall ", can be documented. First rented, the house was acquired by the religious community in 1829. The Jewish school was on the ground floor, there was also a teacher's apartment there, and the basement was home to the bathroom and kitchen. The room for the services was on the upper floor; it was divided into two parts for men and women. The Jewish cemetery was laid out in 1822, expanded in 1856 and occupied until 1937, 147 tombstones have been preserved (2014).
On the morning of November 10, 1938 , the synagogue was broken into by the National Socialists . Members of the SA and Hitler Youth demolished the facility. Jewish cult objects were destroyed and thrown on the street. The community hearse was burned. Neighbors intervened when a fire was set in the prayer room. They feared it would spread to their homes. The fire damage in the house of God remained low. The so-called “Reichskristallnacht” was a carefully planned action, right up to its portrayal as a spontaneous excess. The Frankenthal newspapers reported on November 11th, however, only from the beginning of the carnival .
In 1939 there was a forced sale, in 1948 it was transferred back to the Jewish community of the Rheinpfalz. After 14 days the building was sold to private customers, followed by the demolition and construction of a new residential and commercial building in 1957.
Of the Jewish people who lived or were born in Lambsheim, twelve died in camps in southern France , eight in Auschwitz and six others in Bergen-Belsen , Riga , Theresienstadt and Treblinka .
Commemoration
An information board was put up in 1993 to commemorate the former synagogue. On May 14, 2014 5 stumbling blocks for the Lang and Erwin Salmon families were laid in Lambsheim . Anna Schmitt born Wertheimer (born August 3, 1893 in Lambsheim) and her husband Emil Schmitt have also had Stolpersteine in Frankfurt's Nordend district , Mauerweg 10, since 2014 .
See also
literature
- Rudolf H. Böttcher: demolished 19 years after the desecration. In: Die Rheinpfalz , Frankenthaler Zeitung, No. 261, November 8, 2008.
- "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Edited by Stefan Fischbach u. a., ed. from the State Office for Monument Preservation Rhineland-Palatinate u. a., Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 . Pp. 69–72 (Memorial Book of Synagogues in Germany, Vol. 2).
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 2: Großbock - Ochtendung. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08078-9 ( online version ).
Web links
- Lambsheim synagogue near Alemannia Judaica (with photos)
Individual evidence
- ^ Alemannia Judaica: Lambsheim (Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis), Jewish cemetery.
Böhl | Fußgönheim | Heßheim | Lambsheim | Mother city | Roxheim | Schifferstadt