Syzygium iambos
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| ( L. ) Alston |
Syzygium jambos , also known as rose apple called, is a tree from the family of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). The species comes from Southeast Asia and iscultivatedworldwide in the tropics because of its fruits.
description
Syzygium jambos is a tree up to 10 meters high with a short trunk, broad crown and pedunculate or almost pedunculate branches. The leaves are opposite. They are simple and have a stem 5 to 10 millimeters long. The leathery or stiff paper-like leaf blade is 8 to 26 inches long and 2 to 4.5 inches wide, lanceolate, egg-shaped, lanceolate, oblong or linear, pointed to long and pointed with a wedge-shaped base. Both sides are shiny green and covered with oil glands. 8 to 25 leaf veins protruding from the underside are formed. Young leaves are pink or red in color and grow in limp clusters.
The flowers are too few in terminal panicles with a 1 to 3.5 centimeter long stalk or stand individually in the leaf axils. The individual flowers are 3 to 4 centimeters in diameter and have a sweet smell. The flower cup is 0.8 to 1.5 centimeters long and inverted cone-shaped. The four sepals are 5 to 8 millimeters long, 6 to 9 millimeters wide and round to triangular-egg-shaped. The petals are 1.4 to 1.5 inches long, white or pink, broadly ovoid and finally bent back. The numerous stamens are creamy white and 1.5 to 2.8 centimeters long, the anthers about 1.5 millimeters. The stylus is 2 to 3.5 inches long. The fruits are 2.5 to 5 centimeters thick, round to pear-shaped, yellowish, whitish or red, one- or two- seeded stone berries with permanent, thickened sepals. The fruits have a rose-like fragrance and a refreshing but somewhat bland taste.
The species blooms from March to April, the fruits ripen from May to June or from November to December.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 44.
distribution
The original distribution area is in Southeast Asia. There it grows in mixed forests on mountain slopes, river banks and river valleys at heights of 100 to 1500 meters. However, the species is cultivated worldwide as a fruit, ornamental or shade tree in the tropics.
Systematics
Syzygium jambos is a kind of the genus Syzygium in the family of myrtle (Myrtaceae), subfamily Myrtoideae, tribe Syzygieae. The species was by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in his work Species Plantarum as Eugenia jambos ( Basionym ) first described . Arthur Hugh Garfit Alston assigned them to the genus Syzygium in 1931 .
There are three varieties :
- Syzygium jambos var. Jambos with 12 to 25 centimeters long, lanceolate or oblong leaf blades, 2 to 2.8 centimeters long stigmas and yellowish fruits.
- Syzygium jambos var. Linearilimbum Hung T. Chang & RH Miao with linear, 18 to 26 cm long leaf blades and single flowers in the leaf axils.
- Syzygium jambos var. Tripinnatum (Blanco) C. Chen with 8 to 12 cm long, ovate-lanceolate or elongated leaf blades, 3 to 3.5 cm long stigmas and red fruits.
use
The fruits are eaten fresh or made into jam, jelly or drinks. The trees are also planted as ornamental trees or as shade trees.
literature
- Andreas Bärtels: Tropical Plants . Ornamental and useful plants. 5th, revised edition. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3937-5 , p. 300 .
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . tape 13 : Clusiaceae through Araliaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2007, ISBN 978-1-930723-59-7 , pp. 344 (English).
Web links
- Syzygium iambos. In: The Plant List. Retrieved March 18, 2012 .
- Syzygium jambos at Useful Tropical Plants.
Individual evidence
- ↑ German names according to Bärtels: Tropical Plants , p. 300
- ↑ a b c d Bärtels: Tropical Plants , p. 300
- ↑ a b c d e Jie Chen, Lyn A. Craven: Syzygium jambos in Flora of China , Volume 13, p. 344
- ^ Syzygium jambos at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Eugenia iambos. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed March 18, 2012 .
- ^ Syzygium iambos. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed March 18, 2012 .