Timisoara cigarette factory

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The cigarette factory Timișoara (popularly: Tobacco factory in the Josefstadt , Romanian Fabrica de țigări Timișoara , also Fabrica de tutun din Iosefin , Hungarian Dohánygyár Temesvár ) was a factory for the manufacture of tobacco products in the western Romanian city Timișoara ( German  Temeswar ). The factory building, which is now a listed building, is located in Strada Pop de Băsești No. 2 in the IV. District Iosefin ( German  Josefstadt ) on the right side of the Bega , over which the Podul Muncii bridge leads in the immediate vicinity of the factory . The water tower in Iosefin is nearby .

history

The tobacco factory is the oldest of its kind in Romania and, after Fiume (today's Rijeka ), was the largest factory under the Austro-Hungarian Empire . It was founded in 1846, before the state tobacco monopoly was introduced.

Tobacco processing began in 1848, initially producing snuff , pipe tobacco and cigars in Timisoara , and fine-cutting for cigarettes soon followed.

In 1850 the number of employees was still 297, in 1880 a total of 1890 workers were already employed in the production of tobacco products, in 1900 then around 2000. In 1910 about 15–20 percent of all workers in the city were employed in the tobacco factory, who did it played an important economic and social role in the city. At times it was the city's largest employer. In 1900, 200 million cigars and cigarettes were produced. 90 percent of the workforce consisted of women, the average earnings of a worker in the peace years was 600 crowns per year.

In order to keep pace with the growing raw tobacco cultivation in the surrounding area, production was increased several times, the production facilities expanded and the work processes rationalized.

At the end of 1919, the factory became part of the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration , and the production facilities were brought up to the state of the art with cutting machines, tools for sharpening knives, packaging machines, dust absorption systems and machines for the production of cigarettes. Between 1920 and 1945 production was divided into three groups, cigarettes, cigars and tobacco. During the Second World War , the production facility was bombed during an Allied air raid on Timișoara.

After the Romanian Revolution , the tobacco factory was part of the Galaxy Tobacco Group. Twelve brands of cigarettes were produced here, including Carpați and Snagov . In 2003 the factory was closed.

literature

  • Georg Plenker: The Austrian tobacco monopoly since its expansion to the entire national territory: A contribution to the statistics of the tobacco monopoly . KK Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1857, p. 125 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ gtztm.ro ( Memento of September 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 246 kB), Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2004 of the Jude des Timiș , TM-II-mB-06160, in Romanian.
  2. ↑ welcometoromania.ro , Fabrica de țigarete , in Romanian.
  3. ↑ a b c d carpati.go.ro ( Memento from October 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), Scurta istorie a prelucrarii tutunului in Romania , in Romanian.
  4. ↑ a b c primariatm.ro , Octavian Leșcu: Fabrica de țigări din Timișoara , September 2007, in Romanian.
  5. ^ Hans-Heinrich Rieser: Timisoara: geographical description of the Banat capital . Franz Steiner Verlag, 1992. ISBN 3-7995-2501-7 .
  6. ↑ bloombiz.ro , Unde sunt tigarile romanesti? , August 17, 2007, in Romanian.

Coordinates: 45 ° 44 ′ 47.1 ″  N , 21 ° 12 ′ 19.1 ″  E