Tobacco additive
Tobacco additives are often used in the manufacture of tobacco products to change the effect, shelf life and burning behavior and to increase the potential for dependence . Tobacco can contain more than 10% additives. The regulation on tobacco products in Germany specifies which tobacco additives may be used for the individual dosage forms. However, there are also tobacco products that are made without additives. One of the demands, or the commitments entered into by the signatory states, of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control is the disclosure of the ingredients of cigarette tobacco and their emissions. (The incineration creates new - sometimes dangerous - substances ).
Approved substances and their effects
- Sugar and ammonia caramelize together, creating a smooth taste. Sugar is hazardous to health (carcinogenic) due to changes in combustion.
- Menthol and cloves reduce the sensation of irritation and pain in the lungs, so that the smoke can be inhaled more deeply and with less pain.
- According to the Tobacco Ordinance , only certain compounds are permitted as humectants. Specifically, these are glycerine , propylene glycol , triethylene glycol and 1,3-butylene glycol .
- Shellac as an adhesive
- liquorice
- coffee
- Guar gum
- Thin-boiling starch treated with acids
- Preservatives: Sorbic acid (E 200), sodium sorbate , potassium sorbate (E 202) and calcium sorbate (E 203), benzoic acid (E 210) and sodium benzoate (E 211) ethyl para- hydroxybenzoate (E 214), propyl para- hydroxybenzoate (E 216) and their Sodium compounds ( E 215 and E 217 ).
Ammonium compounds such as ammonium chloride are approved for chewing tobacco in Germany - not for tobacco for smoking.
Prohibited smells and flavors
A number of substances must not be added to tobacco products. In addition to various tar oils, camphor , camphor oil, coumarin , safrole and thujone are also prohibited. In addition, various plants and parts of plants are also prohibited, such as B. Bittersweet sticks and woodruff .
Other additives
According to the tobacco manufacturers, a large number of additives are used to improve taste, moisten, preserve, improve combustion and bind the ingredients. Freeze-dried tobacco saturated with halogenated hydrocarbons increases the volume ( puffed or expanded tobacco , " expanded tobacco ") and thus the total amount that can be produced from the unprocessed tobacco. The same purpose is served by the processing of so-called homogenized sheet tobaccos ( film tobacco ), which are created by using residues and plant components that cannot be used otherwise. By enriching the raw material pulp made from it with nicotine , the quantity of cigarette filler obtained from a limited amount of tobacco is multiplied.
Individual evidence
- ^ Database of tobacco additives for cigarettes and other tobacco products .
- ↑ a b Tobacco Ordinance
- ^ British American Tobacco: The facts about tobacco ingredients. (Additives according to British American Tobacco).
- ↑ a b NOVA: Anatomy of a Cigarette. .
Web links
- Addictiveness and Attractiveness of Tobacco Additives (PDF; 913 kB) Evaluation of the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) from November 2010 on tobacco additives
- Cancer Research Center calls for a ban on carcinogenic additives (from March 17, 2005)
- Database with additives in tobacco products on the BMEL website