Typhoon Hagibis

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Typhoon Hagibis
Typhoon ( JMA )
Category 5 Super Typhoon ( SSHWS )
Typhoon Hagibis on October 9th after completing an eye wall change cycle.
Typhoon Hagibis on October 9th after completing an eye wall change cycle.
Emergence 4th October 2019
resolution 20th October 2019
Peak wind
speed
195  km / h (120  mph ) (10 minutes sustained)
260  km / h (160  mph ) (sustained for 1 minute)
Lowest air pressure 915  hPa ( mbar )
dead
Property damage US $ 9 billion (2019)
Affected
areas 		Mariana Islands , Japan , Russia , Alaska
Season overview:
Pacific typhoon season 2019

The typhoon Hagibis [hɐgibis] was a great and powerful tropical cyclone that since Ida is considered 1958 as the most devastating typhoon the region Kanto in Japan struck. Hagibis caused an additional impact in Japan after Faxai hit the same region a month earlier. The nineteenth named storm and ninth typhoon of the 2019 typhoon season in the Pacific , Hagibis, developed from a tropical wave that lay a few hundred miles north of the Marshall Islands on October 2 . The system reached tropical storm status as it moved west in late October . Soon after, Hagibis experienced a period of rapid intensification that brought Hagibis to its peak intensity on October 7th. After Hagibis held peak intensity for about three days, Hagibis began to weaken due to a less favorable environment. On October 12, Hagibis landed on the Izu Peninsula as a Category 2 typhoon . Hagibis became extratropical the next day.

Hagibis caused widespread damage across Japan, which was still recovering from the effects of Faxai, particularly in the Kantō region. As of October 20, 2019, at least 86 people were confirmed dead and 8 others were missing in Japan. In early October, Hagibis triggered a tornado in Ichihara . About half an hour before Hagibis landed, a 5.7 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Chiba Prefecture , adding to the dangerous situation.

Meteorological history

In early October, over 1,500 km east of Guam, there was a poorly organized and extensive area of ​​storms. With favorable atmospheric conditions and prevailing warm sea surface temperatures, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began on October 4 to determine the possibility of tropical cyclogenesis , and finally there was an alarm for tropical cyclone formation the next day. The system initially remained stationary, consolidating a center of circulation in the lower layers of the atmosphere. The Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA) declared the fault to be a tropical depression on October 5 at 00:00 UTC . At that time, the system was 1030 km northeast of Pohnpei , quickly developing cumulonimbus clouds around its center and establishing favorable drainage as it moved west around the perimeter of a high pressure area . The Tropical Depression intensified to a tropical storm at 6:00 p.m. UTC on October 5, 1560 km east of Guam, and was named Hagibis. A dominant curved rain band had started to wrap around the center of Hagibis, signifying another organization. On October 6, the storm turned slightly west-southwest and began an accelerated phase of intensification with low wind shear and on warm waters, reaching strong tropical storm intensity at 12:00 UTC and typhoon strength six hours later.

Typhoon Hagibis entered a phase of extreme intensification on October 7 with its central pressure, which according to JMA fell by 55 mbar in 12 hours. JTWC estimates suggest an increase in the storm's maximum winds in 24 hours. During this phase, Hagibis held a 9-kilometer long eye-hole , surrounded by a very compact and sharply defined wall of eyes . The intensity rate was among the fastest in the western Pacific. According to the JMA, Hagibis reached its maximum intensity on October 7th at 09:00 UTC with a minimum pressure of 915 mbar and 10-minute continuous winds of 195 km / h ; Hagibis would maintain this intensity for 72 hours. The JTWC classified Hagibis as a super typhoon in early October and later rated 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km / h when Hagibis passed south of Anatahan on the northern Mariana Islands . Hagibis was unusually fast on its trek through the Mariana Islands, traveling at a forward motion of 27 to 34 km / h.

After crossing the Mariana Islands, Hagibis began an eye wall replacement cycle that ended the rapid intensification phase. As the primary eye cup began to erode, the JTWC downgraded the system on October 8 at 00:00 UTC slightly to a high-end Category 4 system. A few hours later, after completing the eye wall replacement cycle, Hagibis was reintegrated into an equivalent Category 5 system. Hagibis began to weaken on October 10 as ocean surface temperatures dropped and wind shear increased. Shortly after Hagibis was demoted to a Category 3 typhoon, a slight gain was forecast, but it did not occur as it approached land and its outer bands of rain began to erode.

After a gradual weakening, Hagibis landed on Shizuoka on October 12th at 08:30 UTC as an equivalent Category 2 system with 1-minute continuous winds of 155 km / h. During the time over Japan, Hagibis was disorganized by high wind shear and eventually became extra-tropical on October 13th.

Preparations

Guam and the Mariana Islands

Evacuation orders for Guam and the Mariana Islands were issued on October 7th. US President Donald Trump approved a declaration of emergency for these islands off Hagibis. Typhoon warnings have been issued on the islands of Saipan , Tinian , Alamagan and Pagan .

Japan

Forecasts in east, west, and north Japan predicted strong winds and torrential rains that would likely lead to floods and mudslides. The JR Group , Japan Airlines and All Nippon Airways have discontinued their services. The JMA - weather forecast said: "It is a situation of stage 5; some kind of catastrophe may already have occurred. People are strongly advised to act to protect their lives immediately. ”Evacuation orders have been issued to more than 800,000 households in 11 prefectures. Over 230,000 people followed the advice to go to evacuation shelters.

Effects

Guam and the Mariana Islands

The Mariana Islands were overflown by Typhoon Hagibis. Acting Governor Arnold Palacios began to give the "all clear" based on information from the National Weather Service and the CNMI Emergency Operations Center. The communities have cleared away rubble and all evacuation centers are now closed. Most of the utilities have been restored and businesses have reopened.

Japan

An aerial view of the flooding in Nagano , Japan.

In early October, a tornado struck Ichihara city , killing one person and injuring two people. In the afternoon, some areas of Japan suffered severe flooding , with tens of thousands of homes without power. The Japanese Meteorological Agency has warned that strong winds could cause further flooding and landslides and has issued evacuation instructions in high-risk areas. Over 76 cm fell in parts of Japan. The Japanese Fire Brigade and Civil Protection Agency found at least 86 people dead, 8 people missing and 346 people injured by the storm. More than 270,000 households across the country have lost electricity. Ten trains on the Hokuriku Shinkansen line in Nagano were flooded by flood water, causing damage of 32.8 billion yen ( US $ 300 million ). Insured damage across the country is estimated at more than $ 9 billion.

At around 6:22 p.m. JST on October 12, a 5.7 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Chiba Prefecture , exacerbating the dangerous conditions already created by Hagibis. The rescue of the crew of the Panama-registered freighter Jia De , which sank in the port of Kawasaki, was thereby complicated. Only five bodies could be recovered and three crew members are missing.

Hagibis also led to the cancellation of several sporting events, such as B. qualification for the Japanese Grand Prix and three preliminary round matches of the Rugby World Cup .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Hagibis death toll at 86 | NHK WORLD-JAPAN News. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b Danielle Demetriou, Julian Ryall: Millions told to evacuate as Super Typhoon Hagibis slams into Japan - throwing Rugby World Cup into chaos . In: The Telegraph . October 12, 2019, ISSN  0307-1235 ( telegraph.co.uk [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  3. ↑ a b Strong earthquake shakes Japan as deadly typhoon closes in on country. October 12, 2019, accessed October 27, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 201919 (HAGIBIS) - Detailed Track Information. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  5. ↑ National Weather Service Tiyan GU WP202019: Tropical Storm Hagibis (20W) Special Advisory Number 4A. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  6. ↑ National Weather Service Tiyan GU WP202019: Super Typhoon Hagibis (20W) Intermediate Advisory Number 8A. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  7. ↑ daryl herzmann akrherz@iastate.edu: IEM :: PSH from NWS GUM. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Wayback Machine. October 8, 2019, accessed October 27, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Super Typhoon Hagibis. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Hunter Moyler On 10/7/19 at 12:43 PM EDT: 150 mph typhoon will hit Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and possibly Japan. October 7, 2019, accessed October 27, 2019 .
  11. ↑ rugbybworldcup.com: Rugby World Cup 2019. Accessed October 27, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Karen Zraick: Storm in Pacific Ocean on Path Toward Japan . In: The New York Times . October 9, 2019, ISSN  0362-4331 ( nytimes.com [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  13. ↑ Chie Kobayashi, Yoko Wakatsuki and Carly Walsh CNN: Typhoon Hagibis makes landfall in Japan, leaving at least 10 dead. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Gavin Blair: Typhoon Hagibis: millions across Japan told to evacuate homes . In: The Guardian . October 12, 2019, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  15. ↑ Chie Kobayashi, Yoko Wakatsuki and James Griffiths CNN: Japan's deadly Typhoon Hagibis leaves trail of destruction. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Hagibis finally exits. October 9, 2019; Retrieved October 27, 2019 (American English).
  17. ↑ Japan counts cost of biggest typhoon in decades . October 13, 2019 ( bbc.com [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  18. ↑ Abe visits typhoon-hit areas; emperor's parade to be postponed until Nov 10. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  19. ↑ Japan counts cost of biggest typhoon in decades . October 13, 2019 ( bbc.com [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  20. ↑ Ten Hokuriku Shinkansen Line trains worth ¥ 32.8 billion sustain damage after yard is flooded in Typhoon Hagibis . In: The Japan Times Online . October 13, 2019, ISSN  0447-5763 ( japantimes.co.jp [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  21. ↑ Julie Zaugg and Chie Kobayashi CNN: Typhoon death toll climbs, thousands stranded in cold without power. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  22. ↑ Martina Li: Five dead as cargo ship sinks amid Typhoon Hagibis . Safety at Sea, October 14, 2019, accessed November 16, 2019.
  23. ^ Typhoon Hagibis: Japanese Grand Prix qualifying postponed . October 11, 2019 ( bbc.com [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  24. ↑ rugbybworldcup.com: Typhoon Hagibis impact on Rugby World Cup 2019 matches. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  25. ↑ rugbybworldcup.com: Namibia v Canada match canceled, Hanazono and Kumamoto matches go ahead. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .