Taikyoku
Taikyoku ( Japanese 太極 , dt. The very great extreme , the great opposites or universe ) is a series of kata in karate .
Origin and name
The Taikyoku were developed in the mid-1930s by Funakoshi Gichin and his son Yoshitaka for the lower school, i.e. for the 9th Kyū (white belt) to 7th Kyū (orange belt) of the Shōtōkan . The Taikyoku are designed to prepare students for the already simplified Heian . The name Taikyoku refers to the Chinese philosophical principle of Taiji , but is used e.g. B. also often used in restaurants .
distribution
Other styles of karate ( Gōjū-ryū , Kyokushin and Shitō-ryū ) adapted the Taikyoku and incorporated them into their style. In Shotokan even be Taikyoku now rarely practiced, presumably because Masatoshi Nakayama they are not in the program of the Japan Karate Association recorded (JKA). In the Shōtōkanryū Kase Ha by Taiji Kase, however, they are an integral part of karate training.
Similarities of the different variants
In Taikyoku , a defense technique is performed after each turn, followed by one or three steps, each with an attack technique. The Embusen (step diagram) of Taikyoku has the shape of an "I" or "H".
Taikyoku in different styles
Shōtōkan
Taikyoku shodan
In Taikyoku shodan ( shodan dt. First level ), the two techniques included, Oizuki chūdan and Gedan barai, teach the sense of rhythm, turning and the Sanbon principle.
Taikyoku nidan
Taikyoku nidan ( nidan dt. Second stage ) differs from its predecessor in only one technique, namely that the oizuki is not performed chūdan (middle area from stomach to neck), but jōdan (upper area from neck to above head).
Taikyoku sandan
In the Taikyoku sandan ( sandan dt. Third stage ) a different stand than Zenkutsu dachi , namely Kōkutsu dachi, occurs for the first time , in which the technique Uchi uke must be performed. In addition, as in Taikyoku nidan, there is a Jōdan Oizuki, but Chūdan Oizuki must also be performed.
Gōjū-ryū
The Taikyoku belong in the Gōjū-Ryū to the category of the Fukyu-Gata (Eng. "Common Kata" → beginner's kata) and are modified forms of the Taikyoku of the Shōtōkan. They should enable beginners to get started with the Gekisai and later the classical Kata of Chinese origin (Koryū-Gata). The Taikyoku were introduced in the Japanese Gōjū-Ryū . They do not belong to the 12 Kata of Gōjū-Ryū established by Chōjun Miyagi . In the DKV they are required for the 8th Kyū (yellow belt) and 7th Kyū (orange belt) exams. Which Taikyoku is tested is up to the dojo .
The variants of Taikyoku are based on the following stands (Tachi), defense techniques (Uke waza) and attack techniques (Tsuki-waza, Uchi-waza or Keri-waza):
Taikyoku gedan
- Shiko dachi, Haraiotoshi-Uke
- Shiko dachi, Chūdan Oizuki
Taikyoku chūdan
- Sanchin dachi, Chudan-uke (also Yoko-uke or Uchi-uke)
- Zenkutsu dachi, Chudan Oizuki
Taikyoku jōdan
- Sanchin dachi, Age-uke
- Zenkutsu dachi, Jōdan Oizuki
Taikyoku kake-uke
- Sanchin dachi, kake-uke
- Zenkutsu dachi, Chūdan Mae-geri, Jōdan Mae-empi-uchi
Taikyoku mawashi-uke
- Sanchin dachi, Mawashi-uke
- Shiko dachi, Chūdan Mawashi-empi-uke, Jōdan Uraken-uchi, Haraiotoshi-uke, Chūdan Gyakuzuki
Kyokushin
- Taikyoku sono ichi
- Sokugi taikyoku sono ichi
- Taikyoku sono ni
- Sokugi taikyoku sono ni
- Taikyoku sono san
- Sokugi taikyoku sono san
Videos
- Mario Holderbach: Goju-Ryu-Kata. Best Fitness Solutions (DVD, no age limit)
Web links
- The processes of the Shōtōkan variants in pictures: