Kyokushin Kaikan

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The symbol of the Kyokushin Kaikan

Kyokushin Kaikan ( Japanese 極 真 会館 ) refers to the karate organization founded by Ōyama Masutatsu . The style is called Kyokushin ( 極 真 ), which means "ultimate truth".

There is full contact fighting, which makes Kyokushin one of the toughest types of karate. Kyokushin is a very important style for the development of martial arts, as many modern full-contact styles and martial arts systems and their organizations have emerged from it, e.g. B. World Oyama Karate , World Seido Karate Organization , Kyokushin Budokai , Ashihara Karate , Enshin Karate , Seido-Keikan , K-1 , IFK , Kokusai Kyokushindō Renmei, Kyokushindo Karate, Kūdō , Kyokushin-kan Karate or So Shin Do.

history

In 1956 Ōyama Masutatsu opened his first official Dōjō in a small building behind Rikkyō University and named his style Kyokushin.

He chose the name because of the saying: "After a thousand days of training you are a beginner, after ten thousand days you are an expert (master)". Despite the hard training - there were few restrictions in combat - and the high student failure rate, the number of his students rose to over 700 students within a year.

Over the next ten years, Oyama built his organization and demonstrated his karate all over the world in order to spread it. Bobby Lowe opened the first dojo outside of Japan in Hawaii in 1957 .

In 1964 the Kyokushin Kaikan Hombu was officially opened in Ikebukuro , Tokyo . Eisaku Satō was appointed President and Oyama Kancho (Director) of the IKO . Since then, Kyokushin has spread to more than 120 countries and the organization has grown to be one of the largest with over 10 million registered members - the 2004 film Fighter in the Wind about the life of Masutatsu Oyama names 20 million students in 140 countries worldwide Martial arts organizations in the world.

In 1975 the first world championship was held in Tokyo. 128 competitors from 36 countries took part. The first six ranks went to Japan: 1. Katsuaki Sato, 2. Hatsuo Royama (he now runs his own Kyokushin Karate organization), 3. Yoko Ninomiya. The World Cup inspired the Kyokushin fighters, and soon the first national tournaments were held in many countries: 1975 in Australia, Malaysia, Israel and South Africa; 1976 in Brazil and England; In 1978 the first European Championship was held in London.

In April 1994, Oyama died of lung cancer at the age of 70 without having named a successor, leaving Akiyoshi Matsui as the person in charge of the IKO. This has brought much political and economic turmoil to the Kyokushinkai world, which has resulted in the fragmentation of the organization on a national and international level. Today there are several IKO organizations on the international level, such as IKO1 (A. Matsui), IKO2 Shinkyokushinkai (K. Midori), IKO3 (Y. Matsushima), IKO4 (T. Tezuka).

Today there are various associations at the national level in Germany, including the KKD (Kyokushinkai Karate Germany) and the DKO (German Kyokushin Organization) and the IKOK-D (International Karate Organization Kyokushinkaikan Germany). These are not automatically in the IKO1 at the international level, the IKOK-D is in the IKO1 (Kyokushinkaikan Honbu) and the DKO in the WKO / IKO2 (Midori).

In addition to various associations in the same Kyokushin style, there are also diverse styles such as B. Kyokushin-Budo-kai, Kyokushindo or Seidokan-Karate.

training

Training in Kyokushinkai, like most other karate styles, consists of Kihon ( 基本 ), Kata ( 形 ) and Kumite ( 組 み 手 ). Breathing techniques, fracture tests (Japanese: Tameshiwari), as well as hardening techniques ( 芝 木 Shibaki ) are also part of the training. However, conditioning training and kumite are often a large part of the training.

Kumite

In the kumite, the kyokushin is fought in full contact, whereby in most organizations for kumite u. a. these rules are common:

  • Attacks with fist, hand, finger and elbow techniques to the head of the opponent are not allowed.
  • But: kicks and knees to the head are allowed.
  • Blows, kicks or kicks on the knee joints, the spine and the genital area are not permitted.
  • Grasping and / or holding onto the opponent is not permitted.
  • Groin guard (for men) and chest guard (for women) are mandatory. Boxing gloves and shin guards are also used in normal training.

Kata

The kata (forms) of Kyokushin karate are described in the article on karate kata in the section "Kyokushin" . The Taikyoku and Pinan Kata , which come from Shotokan Karate, are well represented. The Katas in Kyokushin Karate can be roughly divided into a southern (e.g. Sanchin, Geksai Dai, Tensho) and a northern (Taikyoku, Pinan) line.

Beyond the Kata, there are fixed forms of transition between Kihon and Kumite, which are called Renraku / Rensoku (Japanese: connection, transition) and basically represent combat combinations in free combat stance.

Belt system

In many organizations, this graduation the ranking is common, with black belts per Dan -degree wear a gold stripes:

Beginner
White
10th and 9th Kyu
Red (or orange, organization-specific)
8th and 7th kyu
blue
6th and 5th Kyu
yellow
4th and 3rd kyu
green
2nd to 1st Kyu
brown
1st to 10th Dan
black

Within a belt color, a black stripe is used on the belt of student grades, depending on the organization, for the higher grade within the color (example 9th Kyu: orange with black stripe, 7th Kyu: blue with black stripe).

Belt colors

The variants of the belt system are association-specific, e.g. For example, there are differences between the organizations regarding the point of the white belt: For example, students in some associations have to earn the white belt through an examination (10th Kyu), while only the 9th Kyu is orange. In others, this is awarded without any ranking without an examination. There are also differences within a belt color: For the higher kyu of the same color - in this case 9th, 7th, 5th, 3rd, 1st kyu - a black line on the belt can make the higher rank visible.

In some organizations, red is not intended as the color for student grades, but orange (red is reserved as a belt color for grandmasters). Here are some variants of the belt system.

graduation - 10. Kyu 9. Kyu 8. Kyu 7. Kyu 6. Kyu 5. Kyu 4. Kyu 3. Kyu 2. Kyu 1. Kyu from 1st Dan
Belt color White red red blue blue yellow yellow green green brown brown black
alternative orange orange

Kyokushinkai personalities

bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Australian Kyokushin website with an overview of the various Kyokushin organizations
  2. ^ Website Kyokushinkai Munich with description of the Kyokushinkai Kata ( Memento from January 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Edward Pollard: Exclusive Interview with Georges St. Pierre. In: www.blackbeltmag.com. Black Belt, archived from the original on December 20, 2010 ; accessed on August 14, 2013 .