Vanderkloof dam
| Vanderkloof dam | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 29 ° 59 '31 " S , 24 ° 43' 54" E | |
| country |
 South Africa
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| place | North Cape , Free State | |
| Waters | Orange | |
| power plant | ||
| owner | Eskom | |
| operator | Eskom | |
| construction time | 1971 to 1977 | |
| Start of operation | 1977 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 240 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
65 m | |
| Expansion flow | 434 m³ / s | |
| Turbines | Francis turbines 2 × 120 MW | |
| Others | ||
The dam Vanderkloof ( English Vanderkloof Dam or PK le Roux Dam ) is a hydroelectric power plant at the Oranje in South Africa . At this point, the Orange River forms the border between the provinces of the North Cape and the Free State . The small town of Petrusville is about ten kilometers southwest of the dam. The Gariep dam is about 130 kilometers upstream . Both dams are owned by the Department of Water and Environmental Affairs (DWEA) and are also operated by DWEA.
Preparatory development measures such as the construction of access roads began as early as August 1961. This work was completed in 1968. The actual work on the dam began in July 1971. The power plant went into operation in February 1977. It is owned by Eskom operated and run by Eskom. In addition to generating electricity, the dam is also used for flood protection and irrigation. It was officially opened on November 17, 1977 by the then Prime Minister Balthazar Johannes Vorster .
Barrier structure
The barrier structure consists of a double-curved concrete arch dam with a height of 108 m above the foundation level (100 m above the river bed). The top of the wall lies at an altitude of 1,180 m above sea level . The length of the top of the wall is 770 m. The volume of the structure is 1.116 million m³.
The dam wall has several bottom outlets as well as two flood reliefs . A maximum of 659 m³ / s can be discharged via the bottom outlets, and a maximum of 21,840 m³ / s via the flood reliefs.
Reservoir
The dam dams the Orange River into the second largest reservoir in South Africa with an area of 138.66 km² and a volume of 3.255 billion m³. The normal storage target is 1,170.5 m (maximum 1,179 m at high tide).
power plant
The Vanderkloof power plant has an installed capacity of 240 MW . The average annual production fluctuates with the flow of water in the Oranje: it was 393 million kWh in 2004 and 1.192 billion kWh in 2002. The first machine went into operation on December 22, 1976, the second on February 23, 1977.
The two Francis turbines were supplied by Hitachi , the generators by Toshiba . You are in an underground machine shop on the left side of the river. The dimensions of the machine hall are: length 91.2 m, width 24 m, length 48 m. The turbines each produce a maximum of 120 MW, while the associated generators produce 133 MVA . The nominal speed of the turbines is 125 / min. The nominal voltage of the generators is 11 kV . In the switchgear , the generator voltage of 11 kV is increased to 220 kV using power transformers.
The diameter of an impeller is 5.462 (or 5.30) m. The weight of the impeller is 54 (or 53.7) t and that of the shaft 60 t. The diameter of a rotor is 9.5 m and its weight is 436 t. The drop height is 61 or 65 m. The maximum flow rate is 217 m³ / s per turbine.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Renewable energy: Hydroelectric power stations. (PDF 968 KB, p. 3) Eskom , accessed on September 20, 2015 (English).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i VANDERKLOOF POWER STATION. Eskom, accessed September 20, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Vanderkloof Hydroelectric Power Station SA. Global Energy Observatory, accessed September 19, 2015 .