Tang Xianzu
Tang Xianzu ( Chinese 湯顯祖 / 汤显祖 , Pinyin Tāng Xiǎnzǔ , W.-G. T'ang Hsien-tsu, Lessing-Othmer Tang Hsiän Dsu ; born September 24, 1550 in Linchuan ( Fuzhou ); † July 29, 1616 ibid), was an important Chinese stage author of the Ming dynasty .
Life
Tang Xianzu was born in Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province, formerly known as Linchuan. After obtaining his doctorate in 1583, he became secretary in the Ministry of Culture; his civil service career took him to Nanjing, Zhejiang and Guangdong, among others. - In 1598 he retired to his hometown and devoted himself entirely to writing, writing short stories and poems, especially writing texts for the theater. Under the joint title The Four Dreams from Linchuan or The Four Pieces from the Yüming Hall , Tang Xianzu published four great dramas; below that is the most in literary history called work, which - for older templates The return of the soul titled - romantic drama The Päonienlaube or The Peony Pavilion (= Mudan Ting ). The great Chinese playwright of the 16th century was convinced that human emotions ( qing ) are stronger than reason ( li ), and in his dramas, especially in his masterpiece The Peony Pavilion , he sang the victory of love over the feudal ethics. The individual scenes are only loosely strung together in an epic sequence. The whole drama is not designed according to strict laws through entanglements and developments, not brought to an end through heightening, height, catastrophe and ending. The creative will and the artistic achievement of the Chinese playwright culminate in the design of the individual scenes, in the design and painting of their mental states. This presentation of the poetic conception by Vincenz Hundhausen , who with its translation into German in the 1930s was the first to undertake a translation of Tang Xianzu's main work into a European language, is followed by the Bonn sinologist Wolfgang Kubin in his treatise on The Traditional Chinese Theater , to which the playwright Gerd Hergen Lübben has appropriated a text based on Tang Xianzu's word dances around the talk of love and happiness (quote):
"ON" THE RETURN OF THE SOUL "// a thousand red and ten thousand / purple lift up / our hearts / we cut the fragrant / branches lifted / the colors are pure / above and above everything / all-conquering // hope flies for you / for those who love write sing / play tang xianzu / from dream and death the // resurrection into the new / life your piece of happiness // on huan hun ji / ... "
In 1992, in memory of their great poet, a "memorial garden" was laid out in Tang's hometown of Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province, formerly known as Linchuan, in which the dream landscapes described by the playwright in his works are recreated. In a building in the park there is a theater that regularly shows excerpts from the dramas by Tang Xianzu.
literature
Primary literature
- WORKS EDITIONS: Tang Xianzu xiqu ji (= The collected plays of Tang Xianzu ), ed. by Qian Nanyang, 2 volumes (1978); Tang Xianzu quanji (= Complete Works of Tang Xianzu ), 3 volumes, ed. by Xu Shuofang (1998).
- Tang Hsiän Dsu, The Search for the Dream . German : Vincenz Hundhausen. Peking, undated (approx. 1930). - The scene communicated here corresponds to the 12th act of the drama Die Päonienlaube or the return of the soul by Tang Xianzu (= Tang Hsiän Dsu), which was translated by V. Hundhausen .
- Tang Hsiän Dsu, The judgment in the tenth hell . German : Vincenz Hundhausen. Peking, undated (approx. 1930). - The scene communicated here corresponds to the 23rd act of the drama The Peony Arbor or the Return of the Soul by Tang Xianzu (= Tang Hsiän Dsu).
- Tang Hsiän Dsu, The Victory Festival . German : Vincenz Hundhausen. Peking, undated (approx. 1930). - The scene communicated here corresponds to the 50th act of the drama The Peony Arbor or the Return of the Soul by Tang Xianzu (= Tang Hsiän Dsu).
- Tang Hsiän Dsu, THE RETURN OF THE SOUL. A romantic drama (or: The Peony Arbor ). - German : VINCENZ HUNDHAUSEN. Zurich / Leipzig / Beijing; 1937. (Printed as a manuscript opposite the stages.) - Volume I: TRAUM UND TOD . - Volume II: THE RESURRECTION . - III. Band: IN NEW LIFE
- Tang Hsiaen Dsu, THE FLOWER GARDEN. A Chinese Singspiel . German : Vincenz Hundhausen. (Printed as a manuscript opposite the stages). Beijing; 1933.
Secondary literature
- Vincenz Hundhausen, foreword / introduction ; in: Tang Hsiän Dsu, THE RETURN OF THE SOUL. A romantic drama (or: The Peony Arbor ). Zurich / Leipzig / Beijing; 1937. - Volume I: DREAM AND DEATH ; S. ix - xvii.
- Wolfgang Kubin, The Traditional Chinese Theater. From Mongolian Drama to Beijing Opera (2009; Volume 6 by Wolfgang Kubin, History of Chinese Literature ).
- Tang Xianzu ; in: Marc Hermann / Weiping Huang / Henriette Pleiger / Thomas Zimmer, Biographical Handbook of Chinese Writers: Life and Works (2011; Volume 9 by Wolfgang Kubin, History of Chinese Literature )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cf. T'ang Hsien-tsu ; in: Lexicon of World Literature , ed. by Gero von Wilpert, Volume 2 Biographical-bibliographical concise dictionary based on authors and anonymous works. L-Z (1997), p. 1483.
- ↑ See also: Tang Xianzu ; in: Marc Hermann / Weiping Huang / Henriette Pleiger / Thomas Zimmer, Biographical Handbook of Chinese Writers: Life and Works (2011; Volume 9 by Wolfgang Kubin, History of Chinese Literature ).
- ↑ See Wolfgang Kubin, The Traditional Chinese Theater. From Mongolian Drama to Beijing Opera (2009), p. 210 ff.
- ↑ From: Gerd Hergen Lübben, 1.3 "ON THE RETURN OF THE SOUL" │ FOR WOLFGANG KUBIN in: VERSIONS - I | "From the logbook of a soul seller", "Thinka can dance • Kleist's emphases", "Assignments • Daimonion" and other texts (2014; ISBN 9783955777739 ).
- ↑ Cf. memorial garden for Tang Xianzu in Fuzhou / Jiangxi (page viewed on December 19, 2013).
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tang, Xianzu |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Tang, Hsien-tsu; Tang, Hsien Dsu |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Chinese civil servant, playwright and poet |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 24, 1550 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Linchuan ( Fuzhou ) |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 29, 1616 |
| Place of death | Linchuan |