tarantella
The Tarantella is from southern Italy derived folk dance . It is characterized by fast music in 3/8 or 6/8 time .
The vernacular derives the name from "Tarantula" or "Lycosa Tarentula" , a spider found in Italy and in the Mediterranean, the name of which is derived from the city of Taranto in Apulia . "Tarantella" would then mean "small tarantula" in its origin. The tarantula's bite is painful, but not what causes tarantism . Rather, it is associated with the poison of the European black widow ( Latrodectus tredecimguttatus ). The wild dance was supposed to represent therapy: the musicians came into the patient's house or the market square and began to play; the bitten danced to utter exhaustion to drive the poison out of the body.
The first written documentation of the dance goes back to Athanasius Kircher (1602–1680) and can be found, for example, in 1674 by Gaspar Sanz ( LA Tarantela ). In the 19th century, at the time of Romanticism , instrumental music took up this form of music. Composers who dealt with the tarantella are for example Franz Schubert , Gioachino Rossini ( La Danza ), Fanny Hensel ( Il Saltarello Romano ), Franz Liszt , Sergei Rachmaninow , William Henry Squire, Alexander Borodin , Pjotr Tchaikovsky , Frédéric Chopin and the American composer Louis Moreau Gottschalk ( "Grand Tarantelle for Piano & Orchestra" ).
In the operetta " One Night in Venice " by Johann Strauss (son) , Caramello, the Duke's Venetian personal barber, invites you to dance in his performance song (No. 4): "I'll show you a new tarantula right away ..." , whereby the rhythm of the tarantella can be heard in other parts of the operetta. Kurt Weill composes the court scene of his opera Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny as Tarantella. The second movement of John Corigliano's First Symphony (1990) is called Tarantella , and Elliot Goldenthal uses the same fourteen-minute duration in his ballet Othello (1998) to describe the development of Iago's plan against Othello. Franz Josef Degenhardt took up the dance both in terms of content and technique in 1963 in his eponymous piece "Tarantella" from the album "Rumpelstilzchen". Well-known composers today include Otello Profazio , Beppe Junior , I Calabruzi , Mino Reitano , Pino Di Modugno , Eugenio Bennato , Renzo Arbore , Enza Pagliara , Manekà , Nidi D'arac , Ariacorte , John Serry senior and Alla Bua .
Tarantella dances (Le Tarantelle)
Tarantella is a term used to describe several dances (Italian tarantella with the respective designation of origin, calabrese etc.):
- Pizzica ( Apulia )
- Tarantella del Gargano (Apulia)
- Taranta (Apulia)
- Viddaneddha ( Calabria )
- Tarantella Guappa (Calabria)
- Zampugnaru Onoratu (Calabria)
- Piglia o cane ( Campania )
- Tammuriata nera Campania
- Tarantella Molisana ( Molise )
- Tarantella Lucana ( Basilicata )
- Quadriglia (Basilicata, Sicily )
- Curdedda (Sicily)
- Maranzanata malandrina (Sicily)
Web links
- Cantori di Carpino-Tarantella del Gargano (YouTube)
- Tarantella (Italian Mission)
- Tarantella in historical pictures and texts
- Video on Youtube: Draga Matkovic, the world's oldest active concert pianist, plays her own Tarantella composition from 1927 on her 102nd birthday, November 4, 2009
Individual evidence
- ^ Athanasius Kircher: Magnes sive de arte magnetica opus tripartitum . Rome 1641
- ↑ Jerry Willard (Ed.): The complete works of Gaspar Sanz. 2 volumes, Amsco Publications, New York 2006 (translation of the original manuscript by Marko Miletich), ISBN 978-082561-695-2 , volume 1, p. 50.
- ^ Library of Congress - Copyright Office, Tarantella , March 18, 1946, March 23, 1976, published by Viccas Music Co., New York, NY, USA. Composer: John Serry Sr. ID # 's EP7269 & RS48482