Naked stalked farm mustard

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Naked stalked farm mustard
Bare stalk mustard (Teesdalia nudicaulis)

Bare stalk mustard ( Teesdalia nudicaulis )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Genre : Farm Mustard ( Teesdalia )
Type : Naked stalked farm mustard
Scientific name
Teesdalia nudicaulis
( L. ) R.Br.

The bare-stemmed farm mustard ( Teesdalia nudicaulis ), also known simply as farm mustard , is a member of the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

description

Base sheet rosette
Inflorescence with pods
illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The bare-stemmed farm mustard grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 8 to 20 centimeters. It usually consists of several, arching, unbranched stems . The above-ground parts of the plant are bare, and simple hairs ( trichomes ) are only found on the leaf edges .

The leaves standing together in a basal rosette are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 0.5 to 2.5, rarely up to 3.5 inches long. The rounded to spatulate leaf blades are 1 to 4 centimeters long and lyre-shaped pinnately cleft with blunt side sections. Up to four small stem leaves are rare.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from April to June. In a racemose inflorescence , the flowers are initially close together and the inflorescence axis extends to 3 to 7 centimeters until the fruit is ripe.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fourfold. The four narrow, white skin-rimmed sepals are ovate, with a length of 0.5 to 1 millimeter and a width of 0.4 to 0.6, rarely up to 0.8 millimeters. The four obovate to oblong petals are white, the outer ones about 1.5 to 2 millimeters long, i.e. about twice as long as the calyx, the inner ones are 0.5 to 1 millimeter long. There are six stamens. The 0.8 to 1 millimeter long stamens have white appendages at the base. The anthers are 0.1 to 0.2 millimeters long. The stylus is only 0.1 to 0.2 millimeters long.

The almost horizontally protruding fruit stalk is 3 to 5 millimeters long and widened like a trumpet at the top. The somewhat spoon-shaped, arched pods are 3 to 4 millimeters long and inverted heart-shaped and have narrow wings at the edge in the upper part. The seeds are 1 to 1.2 × 0.9 to 1 millimeter in size.

Chromosome number

The naked stalk mustard is tetraploid with 2n = 36 chromosomes .

Occurrence

General distribution

Teesdalia nudicaulis occurs from western and central Europe to Belarus . There are also sub-areas in southern Italy and the Balkans. Teesdalia nudicaulis is a subatlantic floral element . Teesdalia nudicaulis is a neophyte in many parts of the world , for example in North America, Chile and Australia.

Distribution in Central Europe

The bare stalk mustard is only found in certain areas in Central Europe. The bare-stemmed farm mustard is quite common in the sandy areas of northern and eastern Germany . Its frequency decreases significantly towards the south and it is only found scattered and seldom or it is absent entirely. In Austria this species is very rare and endangered. In Switzerland, all sites are probably extinct.

Location claims and socialization

The bare-stemmed farm mustard grows in Central Europe in open sandy lawns and in poor societies of field weeds. It thrives best on lime-free, nutrient-poor, fairly dry, loose sand or silicate gravel soils . It thrives in plant communities of the associations Corynephorion or Thero-Airion.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz : Teesdalia . In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp.  564 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). (on-line).
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  450 .

Web links

Commons : Nacktstängeliger Bauernsenf ( Teesdalia nudicaulis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files