Turpentine pistachio
| Turpentine pistachio | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turpentine pistachio ( Pistacia terebinthus ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pistacia terebinthus | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The turpentine pistachio ( Pistacia terebinthus ), also called terebinth , is a species of the sumac family (Anacardiaceae).
features
The turpentine pistachio is a deciduous, 2 to 5 meter high shrub or small tree . The leaves are pinnate unpaired. The petioles are bare. The rachis is not winged. There are 3 to 9 partial leaflets that are 2 to 8.5 inches long, oval and have a small tip. The flowers are brownish and arranged in long panicles. The obverse-shaped fruits are 5 to 7 millimeters long. They are initially red and later turn brownish.
The flowering period extends from April to July.
Occurrence
Turpentine pistachios occur in the Mediterranean area in open forests and maquis up to the mountain range. The species usually grows on lime.
use
The turpentine pistachio can be used (in addition to mainly coniferous trees) to produce turpentine ( Cypriot turpentine ).
In some regions of Turkey, the fruit is used to make coffee (Menengiç kahvesi). The preparation is similar to that of Turkish coffee : The dried fruit of the turpentine pistachio, ground to a powder, is boiled in milk (instead of water).
Systematics
One can distinguish between two subspecies:
- Pistacia terebinthus subsp. palaestina (Boiss.) Engler (Synonym: Pistacia palaestina Boiss. ) In contrast to Pistacia terebinthus subsp. terebinthus , the terminal leaflets of the leaves are smaller than the lateral leaflets, only reduced to a point or completely absent. It occurs in Cyprus, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan and Saudi Arabia.
- Pistacia terebinthus subsp. terebinthus : It occurs in southern Europe, in North Africa and in Turkey.
supporting documents
literature
- Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: What is in bloom in the Mediterranean? (= Kosmos nature guide ). 2nd Edition. Franckh, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-440-05790-9 .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Pistacia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
