Thekla Naveau

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Thekla Naveau (born April 13, 1822 in Mühlhausen / Thuringia and named Thecla Amalia Wilhelmine Naveau on May 5, 1822; † September 10, 1871 in Nordhausen ) was a German kindergarten teacher (follower of Friedrich Froebel ), women's rights activist and children's book- Author .

Live and act

Thekla was the second of six children of the pract. Doctor, municipal surgeon and obstetrician Johann Ludwig Gottlieb Naveau and his wife Wilhelmine, b. Helmet fight. Since the head of the family died in 1828, the 36-year-old widow and her children moved to their father's house in Groß-Keula. She was taught exclusively by her mother.

At the age of 25, Thekla Naveau returned to her hometown, where she lived in the house of Julie Lutteroth a. a. worked as a private educator. There she met the Froebel epigon and women leader Henriette Schrader-Breymann , who was five years her junior and who inspired Thekla Naveau for Froebel and his pedagogy as well as the education of women .

Despite her secure position in the Lutteroth house, the now over 30-year-old opted for vocational training. In the spring / summer of 1853 Thekla Naveau completed a six-month training course to become a kindergarten teacher. After the death of Friedrich Fröbel , Wilhelm Middendorf relocated the training facility from Marienthal Castle near Bad Liebenstein to Keilhau near Rudolstadt / Thuringia . Louise Fröbel , the second wife of the kindergarten founder, and Wilhelm Middendorff were primarily responsible for the education of the young girls and women . Thekla Naveau's fellow students included the later internationally known Froebel pedagogue Eleonore Heerwart , Bertha Oldenburg, Friederike Jansen and Luise Pösche.

After her training, the newly trained kindergarten teacher opened a Froebel kindergarten together with her sister Marianne in Sondershausen / Thuringia. Thekla Naveau reported:

The same was only opened with 7 pupils from our close circle of acquaintances and only slowly found its way into the public, who were quite unknown to the importance of the matter. Only after four years of existence did the number of children reach a level appropriate to the local conditions. Our endeavors to ensure that the kindergarten, in addition to the methodical occupation according to F. Froebel's principles, is careful to bring up a family, was rewarded by the trust of the parents and school authorities, and our little institution gave us the most joyful satisfaction (Naveau 1862, p. 116).

Eleonore Heerwart remembered the practical talent of her former student colleague with the following words:

How lovely Thekla talked about flowers with her pupils, a leaf, a little grass in her hand became a magic stick with which she stimulated the children's love for nature (Heerwart 1906, p. 59 f).

She also founded a kindergarten teachers' seminar and a non-denominational elementary school, which was designed according to the same principles as the kindergarten.

Thekla Naveau was friends with the free religious preacher Eduard Wilhelm Baltzer , who was elected pastor at the Nicolaikirche in Nordhausen in 1845, but was not confirmed in office by the church consortium. Because of her religious outlook, she was embittered by ill-willed drudgery on the part of the superiors of the school authorities and her beneficial effectiveness (quoted in Bülow 2005, p. 34). Finally, the pedagogue handed over the facilities to her cousin Julie Bertram, who had been united with her for five years. Thekla Naveau moved to Nordhausen / Thuringia and founded a Froebel kindergarten there on April 1, 1867, the city’s second kindergarten, and later a seminar for the training of kindergarten teachers and an advanced training institute. Young girls from all parts of the German-speaking area came to Nordhausen to be trained as kindergarten teachers. Hedwig Zollikofer from St. Gallen, who brought the Fröbel Kindergarten and Fröbel Pedagogy to Switzerland and published it in the specialist journal Der Schweizerische Kindergarten (cf. Bülow 2005, p. 6 ff.), Should be mentioned here as representative for many .

Thekla Naveau was active as a writer. In doing so, she campaigned in particular for the dissemination of the Froebel Kindergarten and Froebel toys. In the spirit of the founder of the kindergarten, she urged the educators: Come and let us live our children! exclaims the great educator Friedrich Froebel to us, and the whole way of education of modern times answers: Yes, let us live with them and strive with them and love the beautiful, to do the good, to know the true, let us share all of their innocent- beautiful, lively and cheerful life turned towards happy existence! (Naveau 1865, foreword). Her work Aus des Kind Heimath , a 43-page family book with twelve multi-colored illustrations by Julius Hoffmann , received a lot of attention .

which the child will only become dear to the child in the hand of the mother or educator, who will only understand it, by looking at it together, by the friendly word of the maternal friend, which then no longer serves merely for a short conversation, but a lasting one for the child Treasure becomes to which it returns with ever increasing love (Naveau 1865, foreword).

In 1870, together with her sister Marianne Naveau , who was also a kindergarten teacher, she published the book Froebel Games, Songs and Verses for Kindergarten, Elementary Class and Family , which was highly valued at the time and was published in its 19th edition in 1920. Its content is divided into the following sections: I. Entrance songs, II. Entrance games, III. Ball games, IV. Ball games, V. Finger and joint games, VI. Building songs, VII. Walking and running games, VIII. Circle games, IX. Guessing games, X. Imitation games, XI. Little songs, finally XII. Closing songs. This is followed by an addendum and appendix. Each section is decorated with illustrations from Froebel's mother and co-songs (cf. Konrad 2006, p. 159 f.).

The pedagogue was still involved in the women's movement. She was an active member of the General German Women's Association . As the head of the Nordhausen Women's Education Association , she was the main agitator of the general assembly of the General German Women's Association planned for September 10, 1871 in Nordhausen. However, this had to be relocated to Leipzig because of the smallpox epidemic prevailing in Nordhausen, which also affected Thekla Naveau and whose consequences she died.

Part of her estate is in the Ida-Seele archive .

Fonts

  • Friedrich Froebel's kindergartens. In: Yearbook of the free religious communities for the leap year 1860. 1st year , Gotha 1860, pp. 150–158.
  • Simple narratives. Chelius, Stuttgart 1860.
  • The educator profession. In: Kindergarten. 1st century 1860, pp. 87-89.
  • Educate to develop! In: Kindergarten. 1st century 1860, pp. 52-55.
  • Science in kindergarten. In: Kindergarten. 2nd century 1861, pp. 174-177.
  • The fourth kit. The sixth gift of Froebel. In: The education of the present. 2nd century 1862, pp. 159-161.
  • On the history of kindergartens. In: The education of the present. 2nd century 1862, p. 116.
  • Mrs. Rosa's nursery. A practical guide for mothers and teachers in toddler schools. Scheitlin, Stuttgart 1863.
  • The building. In: Kindergarten. 4th century 1863, pp. 120-124.
  • The 5th and 6th game gifts. In: Kindergarten. 4th century 1863, pp. 140-144.
  • From the child's home. Scheitlin, Stuttgart 1865.
  • Educational employment for children aged five to eight. Stuttgart 1866.
  • The kindergarten and its educational means. Stuttgart 1868.
  • New story book for home and kindergarten. Scheitlin, Stuttgart 1868.
  • Froebel games, songs and verses for kindergarten, elementary class and family. Hoffmann & Campe, Hamburg 1870. ( digitized from 19th edition 1920 )

literature

  • E. Röhn: Thekla Naveau. In: Politische Frauen-Zeitung. Sunday supplement to the daily press. Vienna, October 29, 1871 / No. 93, p. 869.
  • E. Heerwart: Fifty years in the service of Froebel. Memories. Volume I: Until 1895. Eisenach 1906.
  • A. Sellmann: Thekla Neveau. Mühlhausen's share in Friedrich Froebel's educational work. In: Mühlhauser Anzeiger. August 28, 1930.
  • E. v. Bülow: Thekla Naveau (1822–1871). A life in the service of Friedrich Froebel and his pedagogy. Unpublished thesis. Munich 2005.
  • Ch. Konrad: The "Mother and Koselieder" by Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel. Investigations into the history of its origins and effects. Dissertation. Würzburg 2006.
  • Manfred Berger : Thekla Naveau - a Froebel educator who worked in Nordhausen. In: Nordhäuser Nachrichten. 16th century 2007, DNB 1025761898 , OCLC 613336034 , OCLC 51959887 , pp. 8-9.
  • M. Berger: Naveau, Thekla Amalie Wilhelmine, in: F. Marwinski (Hrsg.): Lebenswege in Thüringen. Fourth collection, Jena 2011, pp. 260–264.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.volksliederarchiv.de/lexikon-716.html
  2. ↑ No copy can be found
personal data
SURNAME Naveau, Thekla
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German women's rights activist and author of children's books
DATE OF BIRTH April 13, 1822
PLACE OF BIRTH Mühlhausen / Thuringia
DATE OF DEATH September 10, 1871
Place of death Nordhausen