Theodor Drag

Theodor Draw (photograph between 1904 and 1912)

Georg Theodor Draw (born November 12, 1862 in Frankfurt am Main , † December 29, 1950 in Wiesbaden ) was a German neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist and philosopher.

Life

On November 12, 1862, Georg Theodor Drag was born in Frankfurt am Main as the first of three children. His father, Eduard, was the editor of a literary entertainment supplement for the Frankfurter Postzeitung . However, he lost his job when this newspaper was closed for political reasons in 1866 after the Austro-Prussian War . The family had to live on the meager income of his father Eduard as a private teacher. The admission of young foreigners into his house also brought a little extra income. Even as a student at the model school and later at the municipal grammar school , Theodor Draw occupied himself with the works of Arthur Schopenhauer and Immanuel Kant . Already 18 ?? he decided to become a philosopher. However, the funds were too tight to start studying philosophy. Instead, he received a scholarship from the Reformed Congregation in Frankfurt because of his good performance.

However, this scholarship was only available for studying medicine . Theodorzug initially went to Würzburg for four semesters and, after passing the physics course, to Berlin to study medicine. While studying medicine, he also studied the philosophical works of David Hume , Spinoza , Plato, and George Berkeley . He probably chose psychiatry as a specialty so that he could officially deal with philosophy. However, he was also empirically interested in medicine. So he studied brain anatomy and brain physiology intensively in Berlin and still listened to mathematics and theoretical physics. His father died at the end of 1884 and his mother the following year. Pulling had to get into work quickly in order to make a living.

In the ninth semester he wrote his dissertation and started as a trainee doctor in a private insane asylum in Görlitz. Otto Binswanger soon became aware of him and asked him in 1886 to come and see him in Jena , to take up a position as senior physician and to do his habilitation there . As a senior physician in Jena, dragging was the main practitioner of Friedrich Nietzsche, who was admitted as a patient on January 18, 1889 after a mental breakdown .

In 1900 he was appointed professor of psychiatry in Utrecht . There he set up his own psychological laboratory. From 1903 he was a professor at the University of Halle and from 1904 to 1912 at the University of Berlin as a full professor at the newly built psychiatric and mental hospital of the Charité. His successor at the Charité was Karl Bonhoeffer . At this clinic, which was partly not yet occupied, he had, in addition to his medical work - he also had a very large number of private patients - to do a lot of organizational work in addition to teaching duties, laboratory facilities and much more, so that he had the feeling that "in the Psychiatry to be locked up for good, ”said August Herbst. Even after Karl Leonhard's remarks , during his time at the Charité in Berlin, dragging had a hard time.

So the decision matured in him to “withdraw completely into solitude and into philosophy”. He bought a small villa in Wiesbaden and moved there with his wife and three children in 1912. After a few years as a private scholar in Wiesbaden, he accepted a professorship in philosophy in Halle in 1917, where, in addition to psychology, he also read the history of philosophy and other philosophical disciplines. After his retirement in 1930, he moved with his family back to Wiesbaden, where he died shortly after his 89th birthday in 1950. During the Nazi era , dragging was a member of the NSDAP and SA sacrificial ring .

His son Vultzug also worked as a psychiatrist in developmental psychology and the psychopathology of young children.

plant

In 1898 he published his psychophysiological epistemology and in 1915 his main psychological work The Basics of Psychology .

The introduction of the psychophysiological epistemology is already programmatic for his strictly rationalistic attitude: “We will never find a ποῦ στῶ. We hunt on our ideas and feelings. We can neither fall into the reins of them nor jump out of the car in which we are flying forward to play the spectator. Every thought about our ideas is a new idea. (...) I cannot ascribe any value to the thoughts that I will develop, not even a relationship that absolutely belongs to them. They are ideas under ideas, no more and no less than the ideas themselves, which form their subject. "

In both works, one of Ziehens main concerns is to re-establish psychology by introducing the concept of Gignomene. Draw developed a complex conceptual structure for epistemology.

One of the few philosophers engaged in his work is August Herbst.

Honors

In 1919 he was admitted to the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and in 1942 he was made an honorary member .

Fonts

• Sphygmographic examinations on the mentally ill , Jena, 1887.
• Psychophysiological epistemology ; Jena, 1898.
• Guide to Physiological Psychology ; Jena, 1891 (digitized version) ; 3rd edition 1896 (digitized version) ; 12th edition 1924.
• The central nervous system of the cetaceans ; 1892.
• Psychiatry for doctors and students ; Publisher F. Wreden Berlin 1894.
• The central nervous system of the monotremes and marsupials ; 1897.
• Anatomie des Centralnervensystems , in: Handbuch der Anatomie des Menschen ; Jena 1899.
• About the general relationships between the brain and soul life ; Leipzig 1902.
• The principles and methods of the aptitude test, especially the intelligence test ; Jena 1908; 5th edition 1923.
• Recognition of the psychopathic constitutions and public care for psychopathic children ; Jena 1912; 3rd edition 1916.
• Medical wishes for welfare education ; Langensalza 1913.
• On the current state of epistemology: at the same time an attempt to subdivide epistemology ; Verlag JF Bergmann Wiesbaden 1914.
• The basics of psychology ; Leipzig and Berlin 1915.
• The mental illnesses of childhood including dementia and the psychopathic constitutions 2 parts; Berlin, 1915-1917; 2nd edition 1926.
• About the nature of the predisposition and its methodological research ; Langensalza 1918; 4th edition 1929.
• Textbook of logic on a positivist basis with consideration of the history of logic , A. Marcus & E. Webers Verlag Bonn 1920.
• The relations of the phenomena of life to consciousness ; 1921.
• Basis of natural philosophy ; 1922.
• Lectures on aesthetics ; 2 volumes, 1923 and 1925.
• The soul life of the youth ; Langensalza 1923; 4th edition 1931.
• The basics of the philosophy of religion (nomotheism) ; Leipzig 1928.
• The basics of characterology ; Langensalza 1930.

literature

• Henrik Eberle : The Martin Luther University in the time of National Socialism. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 2002, ISBN 3-89812-150-X , p. 400 f.
• Uwe-Jens Gerhard, Bernhard Blanz: Theodor pull, MD, Ph.D., 1862–1950. In: American Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 161, H. 8, August 2004, p. 1369, doi : 10.1176 / appi.ajp.161.8.1369 .

Web links

Wikisource: Theodor Drag  - Sources and full texts

Commons : Theodor Drag  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Theodor Draw in the catalog of the German National Library
• Information from August Herbst about Theodor Zug; extensive bibliographical references are also available on this website
• Entry on Theodor Drawn in the Catalogus Professorum Halensis

annotation

1. ^ Theodor pull: Psychophysiological epistemology. Fischer, Jena 1898, p. 1 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
2. ↑ Member entry of Theodor Drag at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 12, 2015.