Otto Binswanger

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Otto Binswanger
Binswanger as a corps student, around 1872

Otto Ludwig Binswanger (born October 14, 1852 in Scherzingen, Münsterlingen , Switzerland ; † July 15, 1929 in Kreuzlingen , Switzerland) was a Swiss psychiatrist and neurologist who can be attributed to the direction of neuropsychiatry .

Life

Binswanger came from an originally Bavarian family, from which several well-known psychiatrists emerged, see Binswanger disambiguation . He was the son of Ludwig Binswanger the Elder. Ä. , the founder of the Bellevue sanatorium in Kreuzlingen, Switzerland, and the uncle of the founder of Daseinanalysis Ludwig Binswanger .

He studied medicine in Heidelberg , Strasbourg and Zurich . In Heidelberg he joined the Corps Suevia Heidelberg , in Zurich he became a Tigurine . After receiving his doctorate in 1877 on the subject of trophic disorders in the mentally ill , he worked for nine months in the Kreuzlingen sanatorium of his father Ludwig Binswanger, then as an assistant in Vienna under the brain anatomist Theodor Meynert and from 1877 in Göttingen at the psychiatric clinic under Ludwig Meyer . He then worked at the Pathological Institute in Breslau until he was appointed to the Charité Psychiatric and Nervous Clinic in Berlin as a senior physician under Carl Friedrich Otto Westphal , where he completed his habilitation in 1882 with a thesis on brain malformations. After he had received the German license to practice medicine by decree due to his extraordinary scientific qualifications, he was - barely 30 years old - in 1882 appointed to Jena as director of the state hospital and the position of extraordinary professor of the psychiatric university clinic. In 1891 he was appointed full professor of psychiatry and headed the psychiatric university clinic until his retirement on October 1, 1919. Binswanger was elected prorector of the University of Jena in April 1911 , and held two positions at the Jenaer (summer semester 1900 and 1911/1912) University, the office of rector and received the title of medical council and finally that of the secret medical council. One of his well-known patients was Friedrich Nietzsche , others the (later) writers Hans Fallada and Johannes R. Becher .

Binswanger built an international reputation as a clinician; the development of an independent child and adolescent psychiatry goes back to his suggestion. In Jena he worked in an advisory capacity at the Trüperschen children's and youth sanatorium on the Sophienhöhe . In addition to his extensive work, he worked in the field hospital during the First World War and as an expert and advisor to the Thuringian Army Corps. Among his well over 100 publications are his probably most important works on epilepsy , neurasthenia and the textbook on psychiatry that he published together with Ernst Siemerling , as well as his work on hysteria . Binswanger was also involved in non-medical areas. From 1918 he was a member of the supervisory board of the Saxon-Thuringian Portland-Cement-Factory Prüssing & Co. KG aA in Göschwitz / Saale . He retained this mandate until his death, which overtook him on July 15, 1929 while playing cards.

His name found its way into clinical nomenclature through the Binswanger disease he described. Binswanger's disease or Binswanger's dementia is a subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE), a form of dementia in which brain damage is caused by longstanding arterial hypertension and arteriosclerosis .

Binswanger was married to Emilie Bädecker (1859 to 1941), the daughter of the Bremen merchant and ship owner Reinhard Wilhelm Bädecker, and became the father-in-law of Hans Constantin Paulssen and brother-in-law of Heinrich Averbeck .

literature

  • Hans Berger : Otto Binswanger . In: Archive for Psychiatry and Nervous Diseases , Springer Verlag, ISSN  0003-9373 , Vol. 89, No. 1 (December 1930), doi: 10.1007 / BF02030525
  • Otto Binswanger: Die Hysterie , Vienna, Verlag Alfred von Hölder , 1904 (digitalisat pdf , 79.1 MB)
  • Armin Danco: The Yellow Book of the Corps Suevia zu Heidelberg, 3rd edition (members 1810–1985), Heidelberg 1985, No. 643
  • PH: Otto Binswanger (1852-1929). Notes on the cover picture. In: Der Nervenarzt , Springer Verlag Berlin / Heidelberg, ISSN  0028-2804 , Vol. 71 (2000), No. 11, p. 924, doi: 10.1007 / s001150050687
  • Werner Leibbrand:  Binswanger, Otto. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 249 ( digitized version ).
  • Binswanger, Otto. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 2: Bend Bins. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-598-22682-9 , pp. 469-473.
  • M. Seige: Memories of Otto Binswanger. In: Wissensch. Magazine Friedrich Schiller University Jena. 4, 1954/55, pp. 374-378.
  • Günther Wagner: Otto Binswanger (1852–1929): neurologist and clinician of international standing. In: Medical Education. 13/1 May 1996, pp. 145-155.
  • Werner E. Gerabek : Binswanger, Otto. In: Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 182.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ PH: Otto Binswanger (1852-1929). Notes on the cover picture. In: Der Nervenarzt , Springer Verlag Berlin / Heidelberg, ISSN  0028-2804 , Vol. 71 (2000), No. 11, p. 924, doi : 10.1007 / s001150050687 .
  2. ↑ Thomas Pester: The Rectors / Vice Rectors and Presidents of the University of Jena 1548 / 49-2014 ( pdf ( Memento of the original from June 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and Archive link according to instructions and then remove this note. , 206.5 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.uni-jena.de

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Binswanger, Otto
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Binswanger, Otto Ludwig (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss psychiatrist and neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Scherzingen, Münsterlingen , Switzerland
DATE OF DEATH July 15, 1929
Place of death Kreuzlingen , Switzerland