Heinrich Averbeck

Johann Heinrich Bernhard Martin Averbeck (born August 13, 1844 in Bremen ; † February 2, 1889 in Bad Laubach am Rhein near Koblenz) was a general practitioner and health resort doctor , is considered the founder of physical healing methods and their combination.

Life

After graduating from high school in 1864 at the old grammar school in Bremen, the son of a Bremen lamp manufacturer studied medicine in Heidelberg , Göttingen and Basel , where, at the instigation of Carl von Liebermeister , he wrote a dissertation on Addison's disease , which was first described by Thomas Addison in 1855, in 1868 summa cum laude. After further studies in Tübingen and Göttingen, he wrote the first comprehensive monograph on Addison's disease in 1869 . In addition to Karl Ewald Hasse , Jacob Henle and August Socin , Carl von Liebermeister in particular had a decisive influence on his medical development .

From 1868 to 1879 he worked in Bremen as a general practitioner, surgeon and obstetrician in his own practice. During this time he appeared with publications on vaccination and compulsory vaccination , 1876 , The social question and its solution , 1877 , and The adulteration of food and beverages , 1878 in appearance. On the latter topic he gave lectures and wrote articles for the Weser newspaper in Bremen .

In April 1879, together with the former Jewish military doctor from East Prussia Schievelbein, a Prussian medical officer , Dr. Ludwig Senff (1833–1885), in Baden-Baden sanatoriums, in which for the first time combined in one institute, all physical healing methods and their combination in the application, especially for chronic ailments and diseases, could be carried out. The antiseptic inhalation method, which was also carried out for the first time, in connection with lung gymnastics and medical gymnastics took a dominant position. The basic idea was to stimulate and modify the metabolic processes, general and local, through the modified and combined use of the available physical remedies. He took the view that the individual remedies were nothing new, but that their combination and individual application and dosage can achieve a significant effect. At the turn of the year 1880/1881, after Senff's departure, he took over the sole management of this institute. He employed Dr. Eugen Kommerell (1854–1936), who worked for him from 1881 until the sanatorium in Baden-Baden was closed.

In the course of 1882 , the Bad Laubach am Rhein cold water sanatorium near Koblenz was bought by the stock corporation that had gone into liquidation . Transfer of the facilities of the institution in Baden-Baden to Bad Laubach (old spelling: Laubbach) with complete modernization 1882–1883. For the first time creation of a center for physical medicine with possible inpatient admission as a model institution for the implementation of physical therapy in clinics and health resorts . During this time work on therapeutic gymnastics and massage . 1886 Introduction of the term: the "acute neurasthenia " in the work of the same name as a supplement to the first classic German monograph (1885) on neurasthenia by Rudolf Arndt . Various reviews on this, including by Sigmund Freud 1887. About the application of physical healing methods in their combination, especially for internal diseases, he had contacts a. a. also with Ernst L. Wagner and Alfred Hegar , who sent him patients for further treatment. 1886 Demand for the establishment of a mutual health insurance , which should enable every mentally and physically active cultural person to take a cure or to go to a summer resort every 3–5 years for a period of 3–8 weeks. Thus the initial pioneering idea for the later state insurance companies. 1888 work on the mental overload of youth . In his great work on neurasthenia in 1896, his brother-in-law Otto Binswanger endorsed the therapeutic view of the possibilities of physical healing methods.

Averbeck had been a member of the Balneological Section (since 1889: Balneological Society) of the Society for Healing in Berlin, which was co-founded by Oskar Liebreich , and a research assistant at the Allgemeine Deutsche Universitäts-Zeitung in Berlin. As such, in the course of the planned reform of grammar school education in 1887/88, he was appointed a member of the expanded "School Commission of the German Academic Association", which was headed by the secret medical councilor Prof. Friedrich von Esmarch . In June 1888 he was in the course of the so-called. Bismarck-Geffcken affair commissioned to observe the diplomat and lawyer Prof. Friedrich Heinrich Geffcken in his sanatorium Bad Laubbach. Averbeck's expert opinion came to bear in the later court proceedings in the Geffcken matter and is still preserved.

Averbeck was married to Mathilde geb. Bädecker, daughter of the Bremen merchant and ship owner Reinhard W. Bädecker (1803–1868). He was cremated in Gotha and buried in the Riensberg cemetery in Bremen . His only son, Bernhard Averbeck, was later President of the DZB, the German Cement Association .

Publications

• Addison's disease. Erlangen 1869.
• About vaccination and compulsory vaccination. Bremen 1876.
• The treatment of throat tan ( diphtheritis epidemica ) after several years of practical experience. In: Wiener medical Wochenschrift. Volume 26, No. 38/39, 1876.
• The social question and its solution. Bremen 1877.
• The adulteration of food and beverages. 1st edition. Bremen 1878. (2nd edition North 1889)
• Medical gymnastics. Stuttgart 1882.
• Treatment of milk nodules with massage. In: Medicine.-surgical review. Vienna. 1882, p. 382.
• The health resorts, their task and future. unknown
• For treating the ranula. In: Archives for Clinical Surgery. Volume 33, 1884, p. 452.
• Remedial gymnastics, the mechanical or manual method deserves preference. In: General Viennese medicine. Newspaper. Volume 30, No. 16/17, 1885. (special print)
• About massage treatment for liver problems. In: General Viennese medicine. Newspaper. Volume 30, No. 32/33, 1885.
• The psychological importance of therapeutic gymnastics and massage in the treatment of certain nervous disorders. In: General Viennese medicine. Newspaper. Volume 31, No. 2/3/4, 1886.
• About the Choc in cold water treatment for nervous disorders. unknown
• The acute neurasthenia, the sudden exhaustion of nervous energy. Berlin 1886.
• The mental overload of the youth. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Universitäts-Zeitung Berlin. Volume 1, No. 18ff, 1887.
• Morphine addiction. In: German Medizinal-Zeitung. Volume 8, No. 37–40, 1887. (Special print No. 75)
• Morphine addiction and its treatment v. Albrecht Erlenmeyer , discussed and critically examined by Dr. H. Averbeck. In: German Medizinal-Zeitung. Volume 9, No. 1–11, 1888. (Special print No. 81)
• The larynx massage. In: German Medizinal-Zeitung. Volume 9, 1888, pp. 397ff. (Special print no.82)

literature

• U. Theiss (ed.): Address book of the city of Coblenz and Ehrenbreitstein. Koblenz 1883.
• Robert Volz (ed.): Medical reports from Baden. Volume No. 9, Karlsruhe 1879.
• Haberling, Hübotter, Vierordt (ed.): Biographical lexicon of outstanding doctors of all times and peoples. 2nd Edition. Volume 1, Berlin / Vienna 1929.
• Otto Binswanger: The pathology and therapy of neurasthenia. Gustav Fischer, Jena 1896.
• Julius Braun: Systematic textbook of balneotherapy. 5th edition. Harald Bruhn, Braunschweig 1887.
• German Medical Weekly. No. 51, 1887, p. 1106.
• Th. Gsell-Fels: The baths and climatic health resorts of Germany; II. Department: The baths of Lake Constance, Württemberg, Bavaria, Thuringia and Harz. 2nd, corrected edition. Caesar Schmidt, Zurich 1892; Like. 1st edition 1885, pp. 202-204.
• Dr. H. Averbeck's sanatorium in Bad Laubbach am Rhein. Part I. In: Bade- und Reise-Journal (Vienna). Volume 10, No. 12, July 6, 1885, pp. 3-4; Part II, ibid. No. 13, July 14, 1885, p. 3.
• Lower Saxony images of life. Volume 9, Hildesheim 1976, p. 155ff.
• Julius Pagel : Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of the 19th century. Berlin 1901, 1929.
• Prague Medical Weekly. Volume 13, 1888, p. 67.
• Hermann Reimer: Handbook of special climatotherapy and balneotherapy. Berlin 1889.
• Weser newspaper, Bremen. No. 15146, February 12, 1889, morning edition.
• Hermann Vierordt: Causes of Death in the Medical Condition. F. Enke, Stuttgart 1926.
• Liselotte Sauer-Kaulbach: Where Kurschatten once walked, to the history of the disappeared health and health resort Bad Laubach. In: Rhein-Zeitung, Koblenz. Volume 44, No. 8, 1989, p. 14.
• Courier on Sunday, Bremen. Volume 78, No. 14, 1989, p. 23.
• Gerhard E. Gründler: Bismarck on a drive hunt. The unsuccessful punitive action against Geffcken and the Deutsche Rundschau. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2009, ISBN 978-3-8370-8478-8 , p. 60.
• Hubertus Averbeck: From cold water therapy to physical therapy. Reflections on people and at the time of the most important developments. Europäische Hochschulverlag, Bremen 2012, ISBN 978-3-86741-782-2 , pp. 645–674, pp. 736–868.