Thomas Andrews (scientist)
Thomas Andrews (born December 19, 1813 in Belfast , † November 26, 1885 ibid) was an Irish physicist and chemist .
Live and act
He attended the Belfast Academy and the Academical Institution. In 1828 he studied chemistry at the University of Glasgow under Professor Thomas Thomson. In 1830 he studied with Pasteur under Jean-Baptiste Dumas in Paris and in 1831 he moved to Trinity College in Dublin, where he earned an honors in the classical sciences as well as in the classical studies .
He received his PhD in 1835 at the University of Edinburgh as a Doctor of Medicine and completed a medical practice successfully. He became a general practitioner in Belfast and a professor of chemistry at the newly formed College of Medicine of the Academical Institution in Belfast. From 1839 he was a member of the Royal Irish Academy . In 1845 Andrews was Vice President and Professor of Chemistry at Queens' College , Belfast. He did important work on heat development in chemical processes , on the combustion process and on ozone .
He performed work on gas liquefaction (especially carbon dioxide), the electrical conductivity of hot gases and in the field of galvanization. In 1861 Andrews discovered that gases above a certain temperature can no longer be converted into liquid form by pressure . In 1863 he concluded for the first time that a critical temperature and certain heats of oxidation and neutralization existed . He interpreted ozone as a modification of oxygen. The Andrews diagram for the representation of the thermal equation of state of gases is named after him.
In 1879 he retired for health reasons.
Awards
In addition to numerous honorary doctorates, he received the diploma of the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh and in 1844 the Royal Medal . In 1849 he became a member of the Royal Society in London, in 1870 a member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and in 1884 a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences .
Fonts
- About the continuity of the gaseous and liquid states of matter, and about the gaseous state of matter (1869, 1876). Edited by Arthur von Oettingen and Kenji Tsuruta. Ostwald's classic no.132, Leipzig 1902, archive
Individual evidence
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 26.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Andrews, Thomas |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Irish physicist and chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 19, 1813 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Belfast |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 26, 1885 |
| Place of death | Belfast |