Tiberius Cavallo
Tiberius Cavallo (born March 30, 1749 in Naples , † December 21, 1809 in London ) was an Italian physicist and natural philosopher .
Life
The son of a doctor was destined for the merchant class and went to London in 1771 to gain business experience. Here he met amateur physicists who encouraged him to take part in their experiments. In the following years he showed great talent in working with instruments and became a member of the Royal Society on December 9, 1779 , where he held Bakerian Lectures until 1792 . Based on Joseph Priestley , he represented the phlogiston theory .
From 1775 he was enthusiastic about atmospheric electricity , experimenting with Franklin's kites and improved detectors based on John Canton's electroscope from 1753. In 1777 he published his most important work A Complete Treatise on Electricity in Theory and Practice, which details the construction and use of his electroscopes. In 1779 he built a portable electrometer .
He was also interested in pneumatics and built improved air pumps and gas analysis instruments. In 1791, together with James Lind , he developed a method of taking life-size silhouettes and then reducing them with a pantograph .
Works
- A Complete Treatise on Electricity. 1777
- Treatise on the Nature and Properties of Air and other permanently Elastic Fluids. 1781
- History and Practice of Aerostation. 1785
- Treatise on Magnetism. 1787
- Elements of Natural and Experimental Philosophy. 1803
- Theory and Practice of Medical Electricity. 1780
- Medical Properties of Factitious Air. 1798
- Theoretical and practical treatment of the theory of the magnet. 1788 ( online )
- Treatise on the nature and properties of air. 1783 ( online )
- History and practice of aerostatics . 1786 ( online )
literature
- Ugo Baldini : Cavallo, Tiberio. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 22: Castelvetro – Cavallotti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1979.
Individual evidence
- ^ Joseph F. Keithley: The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements. P. 35
- ^ Cavallo . In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 3 . Altenburg 1857, p. 781 ( zeno.org ).
- ^ Cavallo, Tiberius ( Memento from August 19, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Royal Collection Trust: Cavallo
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cavallo, Tiberius |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian physicist and natural philosopher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 30, 1749 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Naples |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 21, 1809 |
| Place of death | London |