Tibor Nagy (archaeologist)

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Tibor Nagy (born November 4, 1910 in Pécs ; † 1995 in Budapest ) was a Hungarian ancient historian and Roman provincial archaeologist who dealt in particular with Roman Pannonia and the early migration period. He was the director of the Archaeological Institute at the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest.

Live and act

Historical museum in the castle palace
Budapest-Albertfalva Castle; the exploration of the camp village had a special place in Nagy's life's work.

Nagy studied at the University of Pécs , the Hungarian Academy in Rome and Berlin. From 1935 to 1937 he worked as assistant to Andreas Alföldi at the Epigraphic and Archaeological Institute of the Péter Pázmány University (today Loránd Eötvös University ) in Budapest . There he also received his doctorate. In 1939 his dissertation A pannóniai kereszténység története a római védőrendszer összeomlásáig ("The history of Christianity in Pannonia until the collapse of the Roman defense system") appeared in print.

From 1938 until his retirement in 1973, Nagy worked at the History Museum in Budapest. After the death of the archaeologist Lajos Nagy (1897-1946) he was succeeded in 1947 by Tibor Nagy as head of the Archaeological Institute. At the same time, János Szilágyi was appointed director of the Aquincum Museum. In 1952 and 1953, by merging their institutions, the two founded the archaeological department at the Historical Museum. Nagy also took over the management of the prehistory and early history department there.

In October 1956, at the start of the Hungarian People's Uprising , which was initiated by a peaceful demonstration by students, Nagy was appointed President of the Revolutionary Committee on the Administrative Council of the Historical Museum - a three-member body. After the bloody suppression of the uprising, he received a reprimand for this offense from the communist commission of inquiry of the ministry, which otherwise did not result in any disadvantages. Szilágyi was retired in 1961, and Nagy subsequently moved from the prehistoric and protohistoric sector to the department of Roman and Migration Periods at the Historical Museum. A year later he was appointed to the advisory board of the archaeological department. As a research assistant , Klára Póczy (1923–2008), who was responsible in particular for the area of ​​Roman ceramics, was one of his staff. Nagy later received a professorship at Loránd Eötvös University . In 1970 the excavations in Aquincum were resumed and supported by the History Museum and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences . In 1973 Nagy retired.

Almost Nagy's entire life, including weekends and vacations, was determined by his inexhaustible interest in archeology, as long-term employees have repeatedly confirmed. The scientist, internationally recognized in professional circles, was also the author of the most extensive first part of the 1973 monograph on the history of Budapest from prehistoric times to the end of the Arpad period . One of his most important fields of activity was the study of stone monuments in Hungary. Nagy also led some significant excavations on the Pannonian Danube Limes and left behind a large number of important specialist publications. The camp village of Budapest – Albertfalva is one of his most important long-term research objects.

Important excavations:

Fonts (selection)

  • The occupation of Pannonia by the Romans in the time of Augustus. In: Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae . 43, 1991, pp. 57-85.
  • The misunderstood names of honor of the Syrian cohort of Ulcisia Castra. In: Studia in Honorem Veselini Beševliev. Verlag Jusautor, Sofia 1978, pp. 208-216.
  • Aquincum. City and camp in the 4th century. In: Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae . 24, 1976, pp. 369-382.
  • Budapest története az őskortól a honfoglalásig. (The history of Budapest from prehistoric times to the time of the Hungarian conquest). Volume I in the series: Tibor Nagy, Gyula Györffy, Laszló Gerevich (eds.): Budapest törtenete az öskortol az Árpad-kor végéig. (The history of Budapest from prehistoric times to the end of the Arpad period). Budapest, 1973.
  • The vicus and the municipality of Aquincum. In: Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae . 23, 1971, pp. 59-81.
  • Two historical problems of the Avar period. In: VII International Congress on Prehistory and Protohistory. Oxford University Press, 1970, pp. 1086 ff.
  • The uprising of the Pannonian-Dalmatian peoples and the question of the division of Illyricum into two parts. In: Adriatica praehistorica et antiqua. Miscellanea Gregorio Novak dicata. Zagreb 1970, pp. 459-466.
  • On the history of Greek epigraphy in Hungary. In: Yearbook of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin. 1965, p. 717.
  • On Diocletian's military and administrative reforms in the Pannonian region. In: Acts of the IV International Congress of Greek and Latin Epigraphy. Vienna 1964. pp. 274-280.
  • The Mithras relief from Paks. In: Acta antiqua Academiae scientiarum Hungaricae 6, 1958, pp. 407-431.
  • The military diploma of Albertfalva. In: Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae . 7, 1956, pp. 17-71.
  • Some of the more important results of the excavation of the Eravisker settlement of Albertfalva. Archaeological Conference of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 3. – 6. October 1955. Budapest 1955. pp. 192-204.
  • Római Kőemlékek Transaquincum Területéröl. (Roman stone monuments from the area of ​​Transaquincum). In: Budapest Régiségei. 15, 1950, p. 362ff.
  • Report of the Archaeological Institute of Budapest on the research carried out between 1938 and 1942. In: Budapest Régiségei 13, 1943, pp. 537-538.
  • A pannóniai kereszténység története a római védőrendszer összeomlásáig. (“The history of Christianity in Pannonia up to the collapse of the Roman defense system”). Dissertationes Pannonicae Ser. II, 12, Budapest 1939 (= dissertation).

literature

  • Dénes Gabler : Nagy Tibor 80 éves [Tibor Nagy for his 80th birthday]. In: Budapest régiségei 28, 1991, pp. 3-4.
  • Klára Póczy: Tibor Nagy (1910–1995). In: Acta archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 50, 1998, pp. 263-264.
  • Krisztina Szirmai: Bibliography of the scientific work of Tibor Nagy. In: Acta archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 50, 1998, pp. 264-269.
  • Budapest régiségei 44, 2011 (several contributions to the work of Tibor Nagy).

Remarks

  1. ↑ Márton Fekete (Ed.): Prominent Hungarians home and abroad. 5th edition. HVG, Budapest 1991.
  2. ^ Tamás Gesztelyi: Alföldi relics at the University of Debrecen. In: Acta classica universitatis scientiarum Debreceniensis. 33, 1997, p. 218.
  3. ↑ a b c Tibor Nagy (1910-1995). In: Acta archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae Volume 50. Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, Budapest 1998, p. 263.
  4. ↑ International Art Address Book. Edition 7, Kaupterverlag, Berlin 1963, p. 327.
personal data
SURNAME Nagy, Tibor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian provincial Roman archaeologist and ancient historian
DATE OF BIRTH November 4, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Pécs
DATE OF DEATH 1995
Place of death Budapest