Tieghemella heckelii
| Tieghemella heckelii | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Tieghemella heckelii | ||||||||||||
| ( A.Chev. ) Pierre ex Dubard |
Tieghemella heckelii is a tree in the sapote family from West Africa .
description
Tieghemella heckelii grows as a very large tree to over 55 meters high. The trunk diameter reaches over 2.5 meters. There are buttresses , corrugations or sometimes several meters high buttresses formed. The gray-brown bark is cracked to slightly furrowed or scaly when old. The tree has a sticky milky sap .
The simple, stalked and thin-leather, bare leaves are arranged in a screw-like manner at the branch ends. The petiole is 1.5–4 inches long. The elliptical to obovate, whole-margined and rounded-pointed, acuminate to acuminate, less often indented leaves are 6-15 centimeters long. The stipules are missing.
The flowers appear in small clusters (2–4) or individually axillary. The hermaphrodite, stalked and very small, whitish to cream-colored, slightly fragrant flowers are double- coated . The 1 centimeter long calyx is cup-shaped with 8 more or less finely haired tips in two unequal circles. The overgrown crown has a short, 2-3 millimeter long, wide corolla tube with 8 protruding, somewhat longer and three-part lobes. The middle segment of the lobes is much smaller to greatly reduced. There are 8 free, short stamens and alternating 8 short, fleshy staminodes in the corolla tube . The Upper constant, achtkammerige ovary is soft hairy with short, hairy pen .
It forms 8-12 centimeters large, smooth and yellow to orange-yellow, egg-shaped to rounded berries . They contain up to 3 seeds in a yellowish, sticky, soft and juicy pulp with an unpleasant odor. The large, smooth and shiny, brown, ellipsoidal seeds are 5.5–7.5 centimeters in size with a thick seed coat and on one side, almost on one side, a large, rough and slightly textured stigma ( hilum ).
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Taxonomy
The first description of Basionyms took place in 1907 as Dumoria heckeli (i) by Auguste Chevalier in Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 145: 267. The division into the genus Tieghemella took place in 1915 (publ. Posthumously) by Marcel Marie Maurice Dubard after Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre in Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 3, 3: 33. Other synonyms are Baillonella heckelii (A.Chev.) Baehni , Mimusops heckelii (A.Chev.) Hutch. & Dalziel .
use
An edible fat , Dumori or Makoré butter , is obtained from the seeds .
The medium to heavy, very durable wood is known as Makoré .
literature
- K. Kubitzki : The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol.VI: Flowering Plants Dicotyledons , Springer, 2004, ISBN 978-3-642-05714-4 (Reprint), p. 400 ff.
- J. Gérard, D. Guibal, S. Paradis, J.-C. Cerre: Tropical Timber Atlas. Éditions Quæ, 2017, ISBN 978-2-7592-2798-3 , p. 548 ff, limited preview in Google Book Search.
- M. Chudnoff: Tropical Timbers of the World. Agriculture Handbook 607, USDA, 1984, p. 283, limited preview in Google book search.
- Margaret Steentoft: Flowering Plants in West Africa. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1988, ISBN 0-521-26192-9 , p. 194, limited preview in Google Book Search (illustration).
Web links
- Tieghemella heckelii at PROTA.
- Tieghemella heckelii at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Tieghemella heckelii . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014. (picture of the Büte).