Landmarks

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An object with which a marking is secured is referred to as landmark stoneware (also border stoneware or border witnesses , nowadays also under- marking or underground security ) . For this purpose, an additional object is buried under the boundary stone during the marking process in order to be able to testify to its exact position in the event of boundary disputes or if the stone is lost.

Landmarks are mostly made of fired clay (so-called clay ware ), glazed or unglazed, but sometimes also made of porcelain , glass , concrete or plastic . In Württemberg, bricks or a piece of coal were often used. In some areas, glass bottles buried bottom up or a drainage pipe were or are used as witnesses. Most of the municipalities, from the middle of the 19th century, first used broken bricks; later, clay tiles with the first letters of the municipalities and, in some cases, the year came into use. In the late phase of "Verzeugung" in the middle of the 20th century, witnesses with representations of the municipal coat of arms were predominantly used.

The border stoneware was mainly used in southern Germany and especially in Württemberg . Witnesses have also come down to us from Baden , Hesse , Northern Switzerland , Bavaria , Austria , Thuringia and Saxony .

The field jury (locally “ Unterganger ”, “Siebener”, “Hoagmoar”) was responsible for moving the witnesses under the boundary stones . The field jury thus represented an important communal legal entity . In border disputes, they decided with the help of their "witness secret" (also: secret of seven ) about the location of a stone. Her tasks also included the border crossing, during which the border was checked in regular rotation.

  • Grabenstetten, Reutlingen district, 1846

  • Yach border (now Elzach) - Oberzüge (now Winden), district of Emmendingen

  • Neuhausen, Esslingen district

  • St. Blasien, Waldshut district

  • Walddorf (Gmde. Walddorfhäslach ), Reutlingen district, dimensions: approx. 6.5 × 6.3 × 1.3 cm

  • Häslach (Gmde. Walddorfhäslach ), Reutlingen district, dimensions: diameter approx. 3.6 cm, length approx. 14.7 cm

  • Rübgarten (Gmde. Pliezhausen ), district of Reutlingen, dimensions: diameter approx. 5.6 cm, height approx. 1.3 cm

  • Pliezhausen (Gmde. Pliezhausen ), district of Reutlingen, dimensions: length approx. 8.9 cm, side lengths approx. 6.0 cm and 6.3 cm, height approx. 1.3 cm

  • Markgröningen , Ludwigsburg district

  • Stuttgart , dimensions: approx. 9.9 × 4.9 × 1.2 cm

literature

  • Horst Bäuerle: Secret border stoneware: Documentation of the variety of border stoneware in the Freudenstadt district (the former Freudenstadt and Horb districts) as well as other countries (Bavaria, Switzerland, Thuringia), gentlemen, cities and communities. dbb Verlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-87863-174-3 .
  • Franz Burger: Border stoneware from the Grand Duchy of Baden. Self-published, Neuhausen 2014.

Web links

Commons : Landmarks in Baden-Württemberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. P. 24 f. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sead.de
  2. ↑ vermessung-glaubitz.de ( Memento of the original from March 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.verzyme-glaubitz.de
  3. ↑ Field jury: Sevens are cultural heritage . infranken.de , August 4, 2016; accessed on September 18, 2018
  4. ↑ Intangible cultural heritage: field juries in Bavaria . German UNESCO Commission ; accessed on September 18, 2018