Torite
Coordinates: 4 ° 25 ' N , 32 ° 34' E
Torit , also Torrit , is the capital of the state of Eastern Equatoria in South Sudan . Torit has a market, is the capital of the district of the same name and is intended as the highest court in the state.
location
The city is located around 120 kilometers east of Juba , the capital of South Sudan, on the important connection road via Kapoita, 130 kilometers away, to the Kenyan border town of Lokichoggio . The foothills of the Imatong Mountains end a few kilometers south . East Equatoria is divided into administrative districts: the Torit District (Torit County) is surrounded by Ikotos County with the capital of the same name in the south, Budi County with the capital Chukudum in the east, Magwi County with the main town Magwi and the border town Nimule in the west as well as the north of Lafon County .
population
Torit has 17,957 inhabitants (2009 calculation), the Payam (municipality) Torit has 33,657 inhabitants (2008 census). The population is mixed and consists of Nilotic ethnic groups from the area such as Lotuko , Madi , Didinga and Acholi . In addition, there are Dinka from the region around Bor who fled the Nuer in the 1990s , Lango from Uganda, Kenyan traders and development workers from Western countries.
Population development:
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1973 (census) | 14,645 |
| 1983 (census) | 15,213 |
| 2009 (calculation) | 17,957 |
history
Shortly before the country's independence from British colonial rule in 1956, there was an uprising in Torit in August 1955 against the British plans for future administration (Torit Mutiny). The military unit of the Equatoria Corps , formed by the South Sudanese, defied the orders of the government of Khartoum and attacked the North Sudanese in the city. The fighting resulted in around 260 northern Sudanese and 75 attackers killed. This was the starting point for the first civil war in South Sudan and led to the formation of the rebel group Anya-Nya . This started the refugee movement of the population into the surrounding countries and the armament of the liberation movement by supporter countries such as the USA and Israel. On this occasion, August 18 was declared a national holiday by the South Sudanese government in 2007.
Torit was initially controlled by the SPLA in the second civil war that ended in 2005 . Internal dispute between the leadership cadre resulted in the split in 1991 into a SPLA Nasir faction (after the place where the renegade officers declared their split) and the remaining SPLA Torit faction under its leader John Garang . In January 1992, the government's largest offensive against the south began, in which the (at least) passive behavior of the SPLA-Nasir faction quickly succeeded in taking large areas east of the Nile. The success was also due to the fact that in March the Ethiopian government allowed Sudanese troops to march through their own national territory. The attack on Torit was unsuccessful, however, as the city was retaken by the SPLA in July 1992. It was not until the turn of the year 1993 that Torit was captured by government troops, only to come back into the hands of the SPLA in 2002 after lengthy fighting and the destruction of most of the buildings . At the same time fighting between the Ugandan Government Army ( UPDF) and the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) took place south in the mountains .
In the region there are repeated cattle thefts, which degenerate into feuds between the individual ethnic groups that demand violent acts of revenge. In January 2008, 200 cattle were stolen between Torit and Juba. The price of arms in Torit has fallen since the end of the civil war.
Cityscape
The center of the city is divided into square areas by dirt roads, irregular districts are outside. An air runway runs along the eastern edge of the city. Most of the population lives in round houses made of clay (Tukul) , brick houses with corrugated iron roof are used for administration, a financial institute, the Catholic mission ( Diocese of Torit ) and various aid organizations.
Individual evidence
- ^ The Judiciary of Southern Sudan. Gurtong, July 12, 2007 ( Memento of the original from December 21, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Statistical Yearbook for Southern Sudan. (PDF; 11.6 MB) (No longer available online.) Southern Sudan Center for Census, Statistics and Evaluation, 2010, p. 31 , archived from the original on November 13, 2012 ; Retrieved November 29, 2013 (2008 census data). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives:
- ^ Mareike Schomerus: Violent Legacies: Insecurity in Sudan's Central and Eastern Equatoria. Small Arms Survey, Working Paper 13. Geneva 2008 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ James Gatdet Dak: South Sudan celebrates Torit "revolution" day of 1955. Sudan Tribune, August 19, 2008
- ↑ Peter Nyot Kok: The "Jihad" concept of the Sudanese army to solve the civil war. In: Sigrid Faath and Hanspeter Mattes: Wuquf. Contributions to the development of the state and society in North Africa. Hamburg 1993, p. 196
- ^ LRA Conflict in Northern Uganda and Southern Sudan, 2002. Human Rights Watch
- ↑ Mareike Schomerus, p. 50f: The price for an AK 47 in Torit in 2002 was equivalent to 5 cows, at the beginning of 2008 it was 1–2 cows. US $ amounts are also given.
