Tor quotient

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The goal quotient (also goal ratio , goal quota or division method) is a method for calculating ranking positions in sport. It is used in various sports to determine table ranks in the event of a tie, including in hockey . In soccer and ice hockey , the goal quotient has been replaced by goal difference (also known as the subtraction method) in most competitions .

calculation

To form the Torquotienten goals scored a team will be by the number of goals conceded divided . The quotient calculated in this way decides on the placement of two teams in the event of a tie , whereby the higher goal quotient is decisive. Sometimes a calculation based on the goal quotient can differ from the calculation using the goal difference, which is common in many sports. When it comes to goal difference, the greater difference between goals scored and goals conceded is decisive. As an an example:

Team A scored 6 goals and received 2 goals against.
Tor quotient: Goal difference:
Team B scored 12 goals and received 6 goals against.
Tor quotient: Goal difference:

According to the goal quotient, team A (3 against 2) does better, according to the goal difference, team B (6 against 4).

Problems

0 goals conceded

Since division by 0 is not defined, a goal quotient of ∞ ( infinite ) is assumed here, except in the case of 0: 0, which is defined as goal quotient 1.

Lack of monotony

A more serious disadvantage of the goal quotient is the lack of monotony : If team A is ahead of team B and both achieve the same result in their next game, one would expect the ranking of the teams to remain unchanged. However, this is not guaranteed with the torque quotient. Assume that with the same point ratio, A leads with 3: 1 goals (3.0) before B with 5: 2 goals (2.5). Now both teams play against each other, the game ends 2: 2. Then suddenly B leads 7: 4 (1.75) before A with 5: 3 goals (1.67). With the goal difference, however, this effect cannot occur, so monotony is guaranteed here.

distribution

The goal quotient has lost its importance in football after the goal difference has been calculated in almost all competitions since the 1960s. This is mainly due to the interest in many goals. For example, goals conceded have a far greater weight when calculating the goal quotient than when calculating the goal difference. In the leagues of the DFB and ÖFB , the goal difference was introduced through a change in the game rules in the football Bundesliga 1969/70 and National League 1969/70 . In the French Division 1 , this already happened in the 1964/65 season. In Italian football, goal difference was traditionally preferred, only between 1938 and 1942 were the results calculated using the goal quotient.

In many leagues, including the Bundesliga , the number of goals scored is crucial if two teams have the same number of points and the same goal difference. This means that if the goal difference is positive, the team with the worse goal quotient, and if the goal difference is negative, the team with the better goal quotient is better placed.

At the water polo tournament of the 1936 Summer Olympics , the gold medal was awarded based on the goal quotient. It went to Hungary, although Germany had the better goal difference when there was a tie.

At the ice hockey tournament of the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Germany won the bronze medal thanks to the regulation with the goal quotient. In the direct comparisons against teams from Finland and the USA tied on points, each team had 2 points, the goal difference of Germany was 7: 6, of Finland 9: 8 and of the USA 6: 8. The German goal quotient (1.167) was slightly higher than that of the Finns (1.125); with a regulation with goal difference and more goals scored, Finland would have won the medal.