The container ship Toyama was built in 1972 for the Norwegian Wilh. Wilhelmsen and was one of the fastest cargo ships in the world. Until today it was the shipping company's only full container ship.
In 1971 the three Scandinavian shipping companies Det Østasiatiske Kompagni (East Asiatic Company), Copenhagen, Svenska Ostasiatiska Kompaniet, Gothenburg and Wilh founded. Wilhelmsen founded the Scanservice Group in Oslo to offer a Europe-Far East container service with 15-day departures from the base port of Gothenburg. They ordered the four equally large and very fast container ships Selandia and Jutlandia (EAC), Nihon (SEA), and Toyama (Wilhelmsen). Shortly thereafter, the Dutch shipping company Nedlloyd joined the group with the two ships Nedlloyd Delft and Nedlloyd Dejima , whereupon the group was renamed ScanDutch . Together, the shipping companies of the Copenhagen-based ScanDutch Service Pool invested 250 million US dollars for this construction program of over 700,000 tdw, to which a further 35 million dollars came for the purchase of containers. In 1973 the French shipping company Messageries Maritimes was incorporated with its Korrigan and in 1977 the Malaysian shipping company Malaysia International Shipping Corporation (MISC) was added.
Construction and time of use
The Toyama , which cost 143.5 million Norwegian kroner, was ordered in 1971 by the Wilh shipping company. Wilhelmsen as hull number 900 from the Mitsui Zosen shipyard in Tamano, Japan . After delivery of the ship on November 27, 1972, the Toyama was integrated into the ScanDutch Far East service, which she did not leave even the later owners. In 1984, the Toyama in Ulsan at the Hyundai- Mipo shipyard was lengthened by almost 14 meters and fitted with a smaller Miitel engine to increase profitability. In 1991 Det Östasiatiske Kompagni AS (EAC) from Copenhagen acquired Toyama , brought it under the Bahamian flag and operated it for two years without renaming. In 1993, the Danish shipping company AP Møller-Mærsk acquired the ship and used it as Maersk Nanhai . On 20 October 1995 Reynolds Enterprises took over the Greek shipping company Danaos Shipping the Maersk Nanhai with a return charter until 1999 for Maersk. The ship continued to operate as Nanhai for two more years until it arrived in Jiangyin , China, on October 21, 2001 , where it was finally abandoned.
technology
The Toyama's design was similar to that of the Elbe Maru , the first container ship with a three-diesel propulsion system, built for Mitsui OSK shortly before . Only the deck superstructures were enlarged compared to the Elbe Maru and equipped differently in order to meet the demands of the Norwegian client.
The most outstanding detail of the ship was its propulsion system, which consisted of three B&W diesel engines arranged on starboard, midship and port. All three similar engines were built by the shipyard under license from the Danish manufacturer Burmeister & Wain, two-stroke diesel engines with a cylinder diameter of 84 centimeters and a stroke of 180 centimeters. The two side engines of the type B&W 9K84EF each had nine cylinders, developed around 23,500 hp and each directly drove a fixed propeller, the middle engine of the type B&W 12K84EF had twelve cylinders, an output of 28,000 hp and delivered this to a controllable pitch propeller . The total output of around 80,000 hp brought the ship to a test speed of over 31 knots. During the conversion in 1984, the mid-engine was replaced by a six-cylinder engine from the same manufacturer with the same cylinder dimensions, as service speeds had decreased significantly in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis . The ship's electrical supply consisted of five diesel generators, each with an output of 980 kilowatts. The bunker capacity to supply the complex machinery was over 10,000 cubic meters.
The ship initially had eight holds with 30 hatches and was able to transport 2,208 TEU, after the extension in 1984 there were nine holds with 32 hatches, the container capacity increased to 2,666 TEU. There were connections for refrigerated containers, loading gear was not installed.
literature
Witthöft, Hans Jürgen: Container . The mega carriers are coming. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-7822-0882-X .
