Funeral march (music)
Funeral marches are traditionally often played in the secular part of funerals , especially funerals . In some politically motivated protest demonstrations, funeral marches are used to accompany a symbolic funeral (with the coffin carried in front ).
They are usually kept in a minor key, with a slow tempo and steady rhythm (dotted full-voiced chords according to the march character), imitating a funeral procession . The funeral marches can be divided into compositions
- for the funeral service of an i. d. R. High personality (Purcell, Cherubini, Adam, Söderman),
- in memory of a friend or colleague after the funeral (Grieg),
- in connection with an opera / oratorio act for the deceased hero (Handel, Donizetti, Wagner),
- as an ideal expressive character in the conception of sonata or symphony (Beethoven, Chopin, Mahler).
- without any special external occasion for mourning (Mozart, Liszt).
Well-known funeral marches
- March as the 1st movement of Henry Purcell's Music for the Funeral of Queen Mary for the funeral of Queen Mary II of England (1695) - for four trumpets.
- Marche funèbre pour le convoi du Roy (1715) for Louis XIV . von Frankreich, by André Danican Philidor "l'aîné" (1652–1730), for oboes and bassoons.
- The funeral march ( Dead March ) from the 3rd act of the Saul Oratorio (HWV 53) or the Samson Oratorio (HWV 57) by Georg Friedrich Händel .
- So-called Little Funeral March in C minor (KV 453a) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - a small piano piece that Mozart wrote in 1784 for his composition student Barbara Ployer. The original title is Marche funèbre, del Sign. Maestro Contrapuncto .
- Funeral March ( Marcia funebre ) in A flat minor, 3rd movement from the Piano Sonata No. 12 by Ludwig van Beethoven , op.26, around 1800.
- Funeral March ( Marcia funebre ) in C minor, 2nd movement from the 3rd Symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven, op.55, from 1803.
- Marche funèbre by Luigi Cherubini - orchestral work from 1820 on the occasion of the funeral for the Bourbon Duke von Berry who was murdered in Paris.
- Funeral March ( Marche funèbre ) in B flat minor, 3rd movement from the Piano Sonata No. 2 , op.35, by Frédéric Chopin , from 1839.
- Marche funèbre de Napoléon by Adolphe Adam , played for the official funeral of Napoleon I in Paris in 1840, nineteen years after his death.
- Marcia funebre from the last act of the opera Nabucco (1842) by Giuseppe Verdi .
- Funeral march with choir from the III. Act of the opera Dom Sébastien (1843) by Gaetano Donizetti (virtuoso piano version by Franz Liszt , 1844).
- Funeral march by Edvard Grieg for orchestra - for his friend and colleague Rikard Nordraak .
- Funeral march for King Charles XV. von Schweden (1872) by August Söderman for orchestra.
- Funeral march from the third act of the opera Götterdämmerung (1876) by Richard Wagner , consisting of a wealth of leitmotifs from the previous plot.
- Prélude & Marche funèbre by Franz Liszt - a small piano work from 1885.
- 4th movement (Funebre) of the 1st piano sonata by Alexander Scriabin (1892).
- Funeral march, 3rd movement from the 1st symphony (1889) by Gustav Mahler , based on the canon Frère Jacques .
- Funeral march in C sharp minor, 1st movement from Gustav Mahler's 5th Symphony , from 1904.
- Immortal victims : funeral march of the labor movement .
This and that
- The entrance music of the wrestler " The Undertaker " is the funeral march of Chopin.
- In the Simpsons episode "Homer the Rat", GABF08 16th season, 14th episode (349), Mahler's funeral march is heard in the sports hall.
- Duke Ellington alludes to Chopin's Marche funèbre in Black and Tan Fantasy .