Brother Jacques
Frère Jacques is a French nursery rhyme from the 18th century , which is known in German-speaking countries under the title Brother Jakob or Master Jakob . Despite the few lines of the song, it is a four-part canon that has long been popular with children due to its catchy melody .
melody
text
The translations of the text into other languages - including those into German - are often misleading. The French original text is about a monk who is on vigil and should have rung the bell for night prayer (the Matutin ), but who fell asleep, missed the bell and is now being woken up by someone.
Literal translation from French:
Brother Jakob, Brother Jakob, are you
sleeping? Sleep?
Ring the bell for morning mass, ring the bell for morning
mass, bim bam bum, bim bam bum!
(In the original, the monk is sighed as is customary in France.)
origin
The source of the song has not been conclusively clarified; a derivation from the French lithotomus Frère Jacques Beaulieu (1651-1720) has been repeatedly claimed, but is considered unsecured. The latest research indicates the authorship of Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764).
Frère Jacques is not only known in German and French, but in all European languages as well as in many languages outside of Europe, including: Afrikaans , Spanish- Argentinian , Berber , Chinese, ( Haitian-Creole ), Tamil , Hebrew, Vietnamese, Turkish, Thai , Swahili , Latin, Japanese, Indonesian, Esperanto.
A famous quote of the song can be found in the third sentence of the first symphony by Gustav Mahler . The composer, who gives "Brother Martin" as the title for his template, quotes the song not in major but in minor , which gives the piece a funeral march-like character. The transposition but the minor appears to be no invention Mahler contrary to popular belief; rather, this was the version widespread in Austria in the 19th and early 20th centuries .
In other languages
Vader Jakob, Vader Jakob Arbër vlla, Arbër vlla خوي حسن, خوي حسن Chūī hasanin, Chūī hasanin Khou ya Hassan, khou ya Hassan, Сутрин рано, сутрин рано Sutrin rano, sutrin rano 兩只 老虎 , 兩只 老虎 , liǎng zhī lǎo hǔ, liǎng zhī lǎo hǔ Two tigers, two tigers, Mester Jakob, Mester Jakob Brother Jacob, brother Jacob, Are you sleeping? Are you sleeping? Frat 'Jakobo, Frat' Jakobo, Sepa poisid, sepa poisid Dovni Jákup, dovni Jákup Jaakko kulta! Jaakko kulta Broeder Jakob, broeder Jakob, Brother Jacques, Brother Jacques Αδελφέ Ιάκωβε, αδελφέ Ιάκωβε Adelfe Iakove, adelfe Iakove Piitaq uumaa, Piitaq uumaa |
Achinu Jaacov, Achinu Jaacov Papa Jacob, Papa Jacob! or Bapak Jakob, Bapak Jakob, Mostly Jacob, Mostly Jacob! Fra Martino, campanaro, 眠 い の? 眠 い の? Nemui no? Nemui no? Germà Jaume, germà Jaume 우리 서로 학교 길 에 uriseoro hakkyogire Bratec Martin, Bratec Martin Birayê keşê, Birayê keşê Quare dormis, o Iacobe, Brāli Jēkab, brāli Jēkab, Broli Žakai, broli Žakai, Vader Jakob, vader Jakob, Fader Jakob, Fader Jakob برادر یعقوب ، برادر یعقوب Panie Janie! Panie Janie! Por que dormes, irmãozinho? or Irmão Jorge, irmão Jorge, Dormi întruna, dormi întruna or Frate Ioane, frate Ioane |
Брат Иван! Эй! Брат Иван! Эй! Brat Ivan! Egg! Brat Ivan! Egg! or Братец Яков, Братец Яков, Bratez Jakow, Bratez Jakow! Broder Jakob, Broder Jakob Brothers Jakob, Brothers Jakob Брате Јово, Брате Јово Roast Jovo, roast Jovo Mojster Jaka, mojster Jaka, Mahurdeeysaa mahurdeeysaa Martinillo, martinillo Spanish ( Argentina ) Fray Santiago, Fray Santiago, Spanish ( Paraguay ) Santiago, Santiago, Spanish ( Venezuela ) La lechuza, la lechuza Kaka Johni, kaka Johni, சின்னத் தம்பி, சின்னத் தம்பி, Chinna Thambi, Chinna Thambi, Bratře Kubo, Bratře Kubo, Tembel çocuk, tembel çocuk, János bácsi, János bácsi, Брате Яків, брате Яків, Brate Jakiw, brate Jakiw, Kìa con bướm vàng, kìa con bướm vàng. |
Trivia
The third movement of Gustav Mahler's First Symphony begins with a funeral march based on Brother Jacques in a minor variant of the canon that was common in parts of Austria at the time.
In the background vocals of their song Paperback Writer , the Beatles allude to Frère Jacques .
Web links
Individual evidence
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↑ Irvine Loudon: Western Medicine. An Illustrated History. Oxford University Press, 1997, ISBN 978-0-19-820509-8 .
Jacques P. Ganem, Culley C. Carson: Brother Jacques Beaulieu: from rogue lithotomist to nursery rhyme character. In: The Journal of Urology . Volume 161, No. 4, 1999, pp. 1067-1069, doi: 10.1016 / S0022-5347 (01) 61591-X - ^ Jean-Philippe Rameau est l'auteur de Frère Jacques. In: La Croix , October 6, 2014.